How to Perform an Insightful Secondary Market Research

How to Perform an Insightful Secondary Market Research © Shutterstock.com | RidoIn this article, we discover the topic of secondary market research. We start with 1) an introduction to the secondary market research, and 2) how to conduct an insightful secondary market research, and conclude with 3) tips to conduct secondary market research effectively.SECONDARY MARKET RESEARCH: AN INTRODUCTIONSecondary market research is a kind of a market research method that involves collecting information or data from secondary sources. This means that in such a method of research, a business collects and uses information that has previously been collected by some other person or entity. There is a wealth of suitable information out there, and businesses can save their time and money by using this data rather than going the distance to find their own. However convenient secondary research might seem, one cannot deny the importance of primary market research as well.In the case of secondary market research, the internet may seem like the most obvious source to gather data but besides it, there are numerous other sources including libraries, competitor’s data, colleges and universities, government data, trade publications, competitor’s data and media sources, etc. A business can gather data from as many sources as possible and can then compile and analyze it to come to conclusion or understanding of the market and its trends. To know more about secondary market research, you can read the following given information.Points to be considered while collecting information from secondary sourcesOne must consider the following given three points while collecting data from secondary sources:The time spent, and expenses incurred to collect dataIt might seem easy, convenient and cheap to collect information through secondary sources, but sometimes it may be very time-consuming and expensive to do so since some sources demand money to offer information. Every business must thus take into consideration the time spent as well as the expen ses that will be incurred by gathering secondary market data. They must compare it with the time and cost of using primary market research method to do the same and then pick the option that seems better.Credibility of sourceNot all secondary sources may provide you with accurate, credible and complete information. Thus as a business it is your responsibility to consider and check for the credibility of the source and accuracy of the data.Specific nature of dataOne must make sure that the data or information they are collecting is suitable in terms of requirements and answers the issues which the business needs to address. It is pointless to spend money, time and efforts on information that may not prove useful eventually.Advantages of secondary market researchThe following are some of the main advantages and benefits of secondary market research:Very good basis for effective primary market research -When a business collects data from a secondary source, then this may help it to kno w about the effectiveness and suitability of primary market research. When this form of research is done, then the business can easily form a hypothesis and fathom the efforts as well as the money required to conduct primary research work. Moreover, when secondary research is complete, a business gains a view about what issues are still left, and these can be covered by their surveys or other forms of primary research.Extensive range of data can be collected Information that is collected from secondary sources like the internet, government sources, libraries, etc. is very extensive and may help to cover many issues. This data can then be cut short, and only the useful parts can be filtered out.Highly cost and time effective On comparing with primary market research, secondary market research proves to be very time and cost effective. This is because it helps to obtain the large spectrum of information in a shorter span of time and for a lesser cost than primary research. In fact, in most cases, data is available for free.HOW TO CONDUCT AN INSIGHTFUL SECONDARY MARKET RESEARCHIn order to find out specific, highly accurate and useful research results, it is important to conduct secondary market research carefully and in a well-planned manner. There is a gamut of information available on the web, in print and on electronic database systems. This information can be used as the commencement point for research. Follow the given steps to conduct a thorough and insightful secondary research.Step 1:   What question do you want to research and answer?The first step of the process involves asking yourself what exactly you are looking for and what kinds of questions you wish to answer from the results obtained. Also, you need to figure out who might have previously published data that could answer your questions or address your issues. Once you have a clear idea of your objectives, you will find it easier to tread on the path of secondary research.There are many more qu estions that you will need to ask yourself before you set out looking for data. These questions are:Do you wish to know about your competitors as well as the products they are offering?Do you wish to know about the market in general or your target audience specifically?Do you wish to find out if your personal business conditions will play a role in the research work?Do you wish to take into account the preferences of the consumers?These are important questions that every business must take into account in order to successfully conduct and complete the secondary research. Now you might also need to consider the sources that might have the information you need. When you know the sources, the search process will become much easier. Some examples of commonly used secondary market research sources are trade publications, government sources, the web, media sources, private research firms and previously compiled company data, etc.Step 2:   What information do you need to answer the questi on?Now that you have asked yourself important questions and figured out the kinds of issues you need to address as a business, the next step is to figure out the exact type of information that can address these issues. You must now have a clear idea about data type that will satisfy your purpose. While some businesses need annual reports, financial reports, and other statistical data to complete their research, others might need local information, consumer information, industry survey reports, etc. You too must chart out the various types of data your business requires to go ahead with your operations or product launch, etc.Step 3:   Where can you find the required information?Now that you know the exact kind of data you need, you must try to find out the sources that can actually provide you with suitable information. You must start by thinking that the source is likely to provide you with the most relevant information for you requirement. For example, your previous balance sheets and company data may help you figure out past record or monitor your performance whereas government sources are known for publishing information related to business conditions and so on. Thus take the time to evaluate which source to turn to and which to leave. The following is some more information on the various sources available:Internal SourcesInternal sources are the kinds of sources of secondary market research which provide data that has been previously collected or gathered by a business as a part of research. The information of the internal sources is filed in the database of the business or company so that it can be used for future reference purpose. This information is highly valued since based on it; most businesses can evaluate market trends, their capacity, and capabilities etc. The following are some examples of internal sources:Balance sheets Most businesses collect and file all their balance sheets because these documents can help establish trends, figure out stat s and offer insights for future projects.Profit and loss statements These financial statements to act as internal sources and can be referred to for future projects and to study earning trends.Inventory records Inventory records can be studied as an internal market research method in order to figure out the life of products in inventory and other similar statistics.Sales figures Copies of invoices and sales figures can be compared with records of marketing data to evaluate the effectiveness and fathom ideas for future campaigning.Internal sources of data must always act as the first line of research for businesses since they give out a lot of useful data in the cheapest, easiest and least time-consuming way. Moreover, internal data is exclusive to the business, and no other rival company can benefit from it.External SourcesExternal sources are those kinds of market research sources which consist of data that is collected by people or entities outside the business’s environment. Unlike internal sources, external sources do not consist of any personal or exclusive data. This source can be used if data collected from internal sources does not prove to be sufficient. There are many kinds of external sources, and there is endless data that can be collected from them. One must exercise a restricted and controlled approach when it comes to using external sources, to avoid collecting a large amount of useless data. The following are some of the main external sources available:Journals and Magazines One of the most common external secondary market research sources includes journals and magazines. The information collected from the press or media sources is an amalgamation of new products, trends of the market and projections for the future. But since there is an infinite amount of such journals and magazines, one must make it a point to go through only highly relevant ones. Only trusted, well reputed and credible journals must be referred to for finding business related information to avoid wasting time and efforts.Trade associations As far as industry related information or useful statistics are concerned, trade associations can be a great secondary market external source. Not only do these associations provide contact names but also help to scan through business reports and findings from all over the world. This source provides a wide array of useful information that can be compiled, evaluated and then utilized for specific business needs or purposes. Trade associations publish not only relevant stories but also research guides, reports, articles and news pieces, etc.Industry and market data Market reports, as well as industry surveys, are also an excellent secondary market research since they are capable of providing large amounts of data on the market. But one must know that finding a survey or report that exactly suits your requirement could be challenging, given the large number of such surveys present. Moreover, survey reports and results are specific to the region, demographics and products and hence finding one that matches completely could take time. Industry and market reports help to avoid the need to conduct your surveys or industry analysis through primary research methods. This research method can also help to save costs, time as well as effort as compared to primary market research.Company and competitor information Another way to use external sources as a method for secondary market research is to utilize data compiled and collected about competitors or rivals. Most businesses collect and file data like annual reports, directories, rankings, etc. so that it can be used for their future purposes. This data can also be used or bought by rival companies for their research purposes. The following are a few examples of such data:Directories Directories are those sources that offer physical information such as phone numbers, addresses, names of executives, trade names, product details, etc.Annual report s Businesses publish their annual reports such as financial statements, press releases, prospectuses, etc. these can also be used as an external secondary market research information.Rankings Businesses can use the ranking details of other companies for comparative or evaluation purposes.Share of market This data includes information about numerous consumer goods and brands and the share the business has in the market.Demographics/consumer data All businesses make a file of or collect information about consumers and demographic data. Such data files can also come into use of other business organizations for their research purposes. While, in most cases, consumer data may be available for free, in some situations, an entity might demand money for its usage. The following are some of the categories that can be included in this kind of data:Government data Most governments publish data and information about markets, trends, growth rates, labor, economic factors, consumer behavior and other such matters that may prove to be of a lot of use for businesses.Other sources Some of the other such sources include news reports, marketing data, country statistics, etc.TIPS TO CONDUCT SECONDARY MARKET RESEARCH EFFECTIVELYWhen you start conducting your secondary market research you have to understand the limitations and boundaries of the research, analyzing the public point of view, as well as select carefully the sources. Here are the details:Understand the boundaries of researching One of the first tips that one can follow to conduct a secondary market research effectively and efficiently is to understand and follow the limits and boundaries of researching. Secondary market research has several branches and sub-branches that lead to a plethora of data and array of information, but it is important to draw a line and conduct research in a controlled way.Understand public perceptions by reviewing magazines and newspapers Besides using the internet or government data, it is a good idea to read and review magazines and newspaper articles to understand the perceptions and preferences of the public. Media has a huge impact on how the public thinks and as a business organization, you must tap this point to benefit your research.Go for credible mainstream sources Another important tip is to go only to credible and mainstream sources like government sites, trusted websites and public databases. Avoid wasting time on research that is not backed by proof and trust. Moreover, it is best to avoid trusting information on independent web pages as it may be incomplete or wrong.Start by simple online search It is best to start your research by entering the topic on Google, Bing or Yahoo Search. Check the type of resources that come up and mark a few useful links and pages that are credible. This will give you a good start and may help you determine what to do next.Look inwards Rather than starting with external sources for research, you must first look inwa rds, collect internal source data and evaluate it. Only if you are falling short of more information should you opt for other methods of research. In most cases, internal sources may fulfill your requirement and may provide information that applies to your current objectives as well.Avoid buying secondary market research In most cases, you will be able to conduct secondary market research without paying a price for it. Thus, avoid dishing out your credit card without looking for free and credible information. This is a good way to save money for your business and utilize it elsewhere.

Technology is Killing Humanity - 1188 Words

Technology is Killing Humanity Today, our world is a lot quieter than it used to be. As a student and as a passenger of public transport, I now barely see people smiling, talking or making eye contact at schools and in public places. Finally, I realize why people rarely communicate with others now, and this kind of big issue is caused by a tiny thing that we all carry in our pockets every single day: smartphone. In conclusion, the excessive use of mobile Internet devices is killing humanity by destroying the meaningfulness of communication and human interaction. The eyes are the windows to the soul as the popular phrase. According to Quantified Impressions, a Texas-based communications analytics company, a normal adult makes†¦show more content†¦(Report 1) If you pay attention to the way that our teenagers text, you can find a huge difference between their own language and the normal English. Plus, a recent report by the Pew Internet American Life Project, texting ranks as the number one mode of communication among them. Kids between the ages of 12 and 17 text a median of 60 times a day -- up from 50 in 2009. (Samakow) As we can see, texting has becoming a teens daily routine. Therefore, when they get used to the way they text their friends, they will tend to apply the same thing at school. In my opinion, the only way to make people do not excessively use mobile Internet devices is to lessen or limit their opportunity to reach the Internet. Today, we have seen more and more mobile companies offer various unlimited package to the mobile users in order to let them access the Internet without any constriction. However, the mobile companies should stop promoting or offering this kind of service, and they should only provide unlimited data package to those who really have a strong need to text or to access the Internet, such as I.T. professionals or international businessman. 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Themes Of Love And Freedom In World Literature - 837 Words

Love and freedom! Where do Love and Freedom show up in the same place? They come together as themes in World Literature. World Literature is the diverse variety of genres in books that have been spread worldwide and have become well known. It is important to know about these two themes to share and understand everyones unique perspectives. The large collection of striking viewpoints creates many diverse and intriguing themes. Two of the biggest themes that can be found in books are Love and Freedom. The theme Love, has many different variations such as fake love, necessary love, lost love, and etc. Love is generally described as a feeling of affection towards someone or something. This can differ from book to book. Freedom is another†¦show more content†¦The theme of Love fits into World Literature because of how it is shown throughout all different types of books. Another theme that is in World Literature is Freedom. This theme comes up in both â€Å"Night† and â€Å"A Doll’s House† in different ways. In â€Å"Night†, Eliezer is rescued from the malicious Germans by American forces. This is called literal freedom, because Eliezer is freed from the main struggle physically, but will never be able to recover/escape mentally. In the book, â€Å"A Doll’s House†, Nora is released from her â€Å"fake† marriage with Torvald since she is no longer treated like she is under him, let alone feel like she is trapped in a relationship with him. This is called emotional freedom, because she was originally trapped in the state of mind that she was only a household wife, until she was, finally, able to be free of that mind set. Each book helps depict how the theme, Freedom, fits into World Literature, even though many diverse books have the theme in a different way. â€Å"Old Yeller† by Fred Gibson shows the themes of Love and Freedom. 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Cellphone Free Essays

Spending six hours without my cellophane was a very difficult task for me because I have created an android dependency without being aware of it. I personally don’t make too many calls; instead I use excessively the Watchstrap Application for free text messages, and what makes me dependent or attached to it is the feeling of being â€Å"connected† to my friends and family at any time. At first, It was frustrating, I went through the anxiety of finding it and turning It on but gladly I did not; the same kind of anxiety I have experienced in the past when I went too meeting and I had denuded touched my pocket to feel my mammals cellophane, only to find It minutes later In my purse. We will write a custom essay sample on Cellphone or any similar topic only for you Order Now Then, told myself â€Å"It’s going to be Just 6 hours, I can handle that, I will be okay†, and tried to concentrate on other matters. I am glad today that I was able to accomplish a lot of things without my cellophane and computer In those 6 hours. First, I got some homework done rather quickly: it took me no more than two hours to read four chapters of two different subjects, Archeology and American Politics. After that, I rote some basic ideas on a piece of paper in relation to an assignment I needed to do later. Then I went to the Supermarket and came back to my room, where I placed all the groceries in the kitchen and refrigerator. And finally, I went out for dinner at a local restaurant. Perhaps the most difficult task I had to adjust to without my cellophane was reading, because I have acquired in the last few years the bad habit of checking my cellophane constantly, especially when I felt bored or distracted. Nonetheless, I tried to incinerate on my reading, which was hard at the beginning, but as I kept doing it, the cellophane anxiety went away and I honestly felt really good with myself. After the 6 hours passed, I didn’t felt the urgent necessity to run and turn the cellophane or the computer on. I confess that I am happily surprised that I was able to go about during 6 hours of my day without my cellophane and computer, and engaged instead in very productive work. I am now convinced that I wouldn’t have been able to finish my homework and other tasks In time with my cellophane or computer around. At the end of the day, I really felt relieved that I TLD have to be expecting anxiously at all times, as I had before, all the multiple notifications, e-mails and Watchstrap messages I normally receive on any day of my life. Cellophane By greenmailed have created an android dependency without being aware of it. I personally don’t â€Å"connected† to my friends and family at any time. At first, it was frustrating, I went through the anxiety of finding it and turning it on but gladly I did not; the same kind of anxiety I have experienced in the past when I went to a meeting and I had denuded touched my pocket to feel my missing cellophane, only to find it minutes later in my purse. Then, I told myself â€Å"it’s going to be Just 6 hours, I can handle that, I will be okay’, and lot of things without my cellophane and computer in those 6 hours. First, I got some homework done rather quickly; it took me no more than two hours to read four engaged instead in very productive work. I am now convinced that I wouldn’t have been able to finish my homework and other tasks in time with my cellophane or computer around. At the end of the day, I really felt relieved that I didn’t have to be How to cite Cellphone, Papers

The Effects Of Jealousy - Othello Essays - Othello,

The Effects Of Jealousy - Othello Throughout Shakespeare's Othello, the major theme of jealousy is apparent. According to Microsoft Bookshelf, jealousy, by definition, means ?resentful or bitter in rivalry.? The tragedy Othello focuses on the doom of Othello and the other major characters as a result of jealousy. The theme of jealousy is prominent throughout the play as it motivates the characters' actions. In Shakespeare's Othello, jealousy is portrayed through the major characters of Iago and Othello. It utterly corrupts their lives because it causes Iago to show his true self, which in turn triggers Othello to undergo an absolute conversion that destroys the lives of their friends. Iago, ?most honest? (I, iii, 7) in the eyes of his companions, is, in fact, truly the opposite. His feelings of jealousy uncovers his actual self. D.R. Godfrey concludes this after hearing Iago state that he ?ha' look'd upon the world for four times seven years? (I, iii, 311-2). In his essay, Godfrey explains that Iago ?has arrived at one of the great seven year?critical stages? (421) of his life, causing him to become ?jealous, embittered, ? [and] vengeful.? (421). Iago's dupe, Roderigo, is the only person, in fact, to know this previously; Iago tells Roderigo that he is ?not what [he is]? (I, i, 69). He possesses this jealousy because he is distressed that Othello chose Michael Cassio, a ?valiant? (II, i, 98), ?Florentine?arithmetician? (I, i, 19-20), over himself for the position of lieutenancy. Jealousy ?divorces [Iago]?from rationality?, Godfrey states (418). This loss of rational causes Iago to ?make a life of jealousy? (III, iii, 204) and plots to destroy Othello. Although Iago has a reputation of being ?full of love and honesty? (III, iii, 138), he is responsible for destroying many lives and is considered ?perhaps one of the most villainous characters in all literature? (Godfrey 422). Iago alludes to Othello that his wife, Desdemona, has been unfaithful with Cassio. Iago initially intends to hurt Othello and make him regret appointing Cassio as his lieutenant; however, he ends up hurting others in the process. Iago's jealousy causes his true character, one of ?vicious[ness]? (Godfrey 421), to become noticeable. This, in turn, creates a new Othello to emerge, one ?utterly possessed, calling out for blood and vengeance? (Godfrey 418). Othello, considered by A.C. Bradley one of ?the most romantic figure[s] among Shakespeare's heroes? (1) and a ?dignified? (2) ?poet? (1), quickly becomes entranced by Iago's ?vengeful[ness]? (Godfrey, 421). Othello, placing entire confidence in Iago's honesty, has been ?moved by the warnings of [his]?honest?friend? (Bradley 3). At first, Othello does not believe Iago; but his ?degradation is complete? (Godfrey 418) by the end of the ?Temptation Scene? (III, iii). Even though Iago produces a minimal amount of proof, a ?handkerchief that Iago may have seen Cassio wipe his beard with, and Cassio's alleged?dreams? (Godfrey 418), Othello is completely ?possessed by the madness of jealousy? (Godfrey 419). He immediately ?passes sentence[s] of death? (Godfrey 418) to Cassio and Desdemona, deciding that Desdemona should die ?some swift means of death? (III, iii, 479). One can tell that Iago's jealousy has, in fact, corrupted Othello. This great poet (Bradley 1), Othello, previously had spoken of Desdemona, his wife, as ?wondrous? (I, iii, 160) and ?Heaven[ly]? (I, iii, 258); after hearing from Iago that Desdemona and Cassio are having an affair, his tone changes and begins to speak like Iago. He begins to use ?gross, animal imagery? (Rocchino 3-9-00) to make references to his wife and women in general. For example, he calls Desdemona a ?haggard? (III, iii, 261), while also labeling her derogatory names like ?lewd minx? (III, iii, 487) and ?whore? (IV, ii, 99). Although Othello is most affected by Iago's jealousy, the repercussions on others are very evident. Othello's jealousy destroys his love through his hatred. He can no longer have doubts about his wife's guilt; therefore, he must finally act against it by ?assuming the mask of impersonal justice? (Godfrey 420). He must ?kill? (V, ii, 32) Desdemona. Even though Desdemona tries to tell him the truth, Othello is completely irrational, refusing to listen (V, ii). Emilia, too, is murdered as a repercussion of Iago's jealousy. When she states the truth that she ?found by fortune [the handkerchief] and did

Current Developments of the European Union, Strengths and We essays

Current Developments of the European Union, Strengths and We essays In todays world, different kinds of alliances are formed between countries and nations in order to compete in a global economy. The European Union is a one of kind allegiance that has shaped many aspects of our current world. Recent developments along with the strengths and weaknesses of the European Union will be the focus of this paper. Before discussing current events, a brief overview of who and what is the European Union (EU) is vital. On May 9th, 1950, The EU was formed by the joining of six countries which were (Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands) with the foundation of the law of democracy. The basic concept of the EU states that it is neither a new State replacing existing ones nor is it comparable to other international organizations. Its Member States delegate sovereignty to common institutions representing the interests of the Union as a whole on questions of joint interest. All decisions and procedures are derived from the basic treaties ratified by the Member States. Today, after four waves of accession (1973: Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom; 1981: Greece; 1986: Spain and Portugal; 1995: Austria, Finland and Sweden) the EU has 15 Member States and is preparing for the accession of 13 eastern and southern European countries. (EU at a glance) The foundation and st ructure of the EU is definitely one of its strengths. The EU has some basic principals which include establishing European citizenship. This embraces fundamental rights, freedom of movement and civil and political rights. It also wants to ensure freedom, security and justice. Like other unions, the EU definitely wants to encourage economic and social progress and finally assert Europes role in the world. Having well defined goals and showing character and conviction the EU demonstrates inner strength. The EU is governed by five institutions each having a specific function. They are the European Parli...

Numskulls, Noodles, and Nincompoops

Numskulls, Noodles, and Nincompoops Numskulls, Noodles, and Nincompoops Numskulls, Noodles, and Nincompoops By Maeve Maddox When I began to research words meaning stupid person, I expected to find ten or so common ones and be done with it. Instead Ive found dozens upon dozens of English words used to describe a person of perceived limited intelligence. I plan to continue my research, but here are twelve for a start. cretin This term has a medical meaning, so its use as an insult is unfortunate. Medically speaking, a cretin is a person who suffered from thyroid deficiency in the fetal stage. Two symptoms of cretinism in children are dwarfed stature and mental retardation. In the 18th century, the age of Pope and Dryden, every fashionable person aspired to be a Wit, someone who could show off learning and clever association of ideas with neat, quotable phrases and quips. (Kind of like speech writers hoping to turn out memorable sound bites.) The noun wit, in the sense of knowedge, intelligence, quick-thinking, spawned several words to denote a stupid person. half-wit Originally, just a wannabe Wit whose verse and jokes were pretty lame. The term quickly came to mean someone lacking in his wits. nitwit In German and in Yiddish, nit means nothing. I suppose a nitwit must be another level down from a half-wit. (First recorded use 1922.) twit This is British slang dating from the 1930s. I first heard it in the Sixties when I lived in England. Thanks to cross-Atlantic linguistic fertilization, Americans have adopted it. Twit may derive from an Old English verb meaning to reproach, or it may be a development of nitwit. ninny Innocence, sadly enough, is often equated with stupidity, Its thought that ninny, meaning stupid person, derives from the word innocent. Innocent was once a common given name whose pet form was Ninny. There may be a connection with the Italian word ninno, meaning baby or child. noodle Noodle meaning simpleton is probably unrelated to noodle meaning pasta. Noodle meaning stupid person was in use as early as 1753. The word noodle to denote the edible substance is first attested in English in 1779. numskull Ive always spelled it numbskull, but the form without the b seems to be more common. Its a combined form of numb (devoid of sensation) + skull. A skull (brain) that cant feel anything cannot, presumably, do much thinking. nincompoop A little old fashioned, perhaps, but nincompoop rolls nicely off the tongue. Dr. Johnson (1709-1784) thought it came from the legal phrase non compos mentis, meaning mentally incompetent. Etymologists challenge Johnson because the earlier forms were spelled without the second n. simpleton This word, simple + ton, was made on the model of a surname, ex. Templeton, Washington. The word simple has gone through several meanings. When simpleton was coined, the word simple indicated devoid of duplicityanother example of a positive trait coming to be equated with stupidity. A shorter form, simp, is circus slang for a simpleton. dunce This word is usually applied to a stupid student. It derives from the name of John Duns Scotus (c. 1265-1308). Duns Scotus was a medieval scholar whose work was viewed as hopelessly old-fashioned and nit-picky by progressive 16th century thinkers. Philosophers who still valued the works of Duns Scotus and argued along his lines of thought were called dunces by their opponents. In time the word dunce came to apply to any student who didnt learn his lessons. gonzo Journalist Hunter S. Thompson put this word into the American vocabulary by coining the expression gonzo journalism. Websters Unabridged notes origin unknown, but there is an Italian word gonzo that means simpleton or blockhead. Thompson was thinking of irresponsible journalism that mixes fact and fiction and is presented as truth. Possibly gonzo isnt so much a stupid person as a person who writes inaccurate and misleading news stories. dumbass This pejorative combines dumb with ass. Dumb started out as a word meaning mute, unable to speak. As so often happens in an unkind universe, a physical handicap came to be equated with stupidity. From dumb comes dummy, another synomym for stupid person. Among the various meanings of ass is donkey. As early as ancient Greece, the animal was equated with clumsiness and stupidity. Languages tend to have multiple words relating to concepts of particular interest or importance in a culture. For example, people of the north use many words related to cold weather: snow, ice, slush, sleet, blizzard, flurry, avalanche, powder, etc. People who raise horses have numerous words for various kinds: stallion, gelding, mare, filly, foal, bronco, hunter, Morgan, pony, etc. Could this abundance of English words for stupid person be a cause for concern? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:English Grammar 101: All You Need to KnowGrammar Quiz #21: Restrictive and Nonrestrictive ClausesA Yes-and-No Answer About Hyphenating Phrases