The Art of Testing pH Levels Essay -- Science, informative, educational

This report will examine a variety of methods that can be employ to measure the tartity or alkalinity of a solution, also known as its pH level. The scale used to measure acidity and alkalinity is called a pH scale, which measures the centre of H+ ions in a solution. Acids carry a pH level below 7 bases have a pH level above 7. strengthened acids have the lowest pH levels (0-4) and strong bases have the highest pH levels (10-14). Neutral solutions have a pH of 7 and they are neither acidic nor basic. Distilled water is neutral, because the H+ and OH- ions are balanced. An acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions in water. When an acid dissolves in water, hydrogen molecules interact with water molecules to form hydronium ions. The strength of an acid is determined by the concentration of hydrogen atoms the more hydrogen atoms in a solution, the stronger the acid and, the less hydrogen atoms in a solution, the weaker the acid. Acids generally have a sour taste, react st rongly with metals, and become less acidic when mixed with a base. A base is a substance that forms hydro...

Managing Diversity Essay -- Ethnicity Racial Races Papers

Managing Diversity As we enter the new millenium, renewing in the workforce is speedily increasing. Businesses and organizations are living up to the great melting pot image the United States has al demeanors been popular for. Employees now reflect a diverseness of ethnical perspectives, ethnic backgrounds, ages, genders, physical abilities, and levels of education. This ripple of multiculturalism is here to stay and cannot be ignored. It is in need of attention in order to uphold the well-being and success of businesses and organizations completely over the country.One way to face this wave of diversity is to insure to accept and value it (http//www.online.wbc.org/Docs/starting/diversity.html). What is diversity? Why does it matter? Once this is accomplished, the next step would be to learn how to manage diversity in the workplace. What kind of environment would managers have to create to educate employees about cultural diversity (http//mason.gmu.edu/Isamuel/diverse.htm). In addition, an efficient manager would quantify how well the environment that he/she has created is working (http//www.communitypolicing.org/exchange/e16_97/e16glosr.htm) What makes a good trainer? What are some common mistakes that a trainer could make? What is diversity? There are several definitions of diversity that exists in literature. Some definitions range from narrow to very broad. Those that are narrow feed to reflect the laws of affirmative follow out and equal employment opportunities such as race, gender, ethnicity, age, national origin, religion, and disability. Broad definitions tend to include sexual preference and orientation, values, education, language, economic status, married status, lifestyle, and beliefs (7). One example defines diversity as a... ... of Managing Diversity, The Best of the Bureaucrat (Winter 1991- 2) 41-44.2. Andy Ferguson, A White Mans View on Diversity, The world Manager (Spring 1997) 52-54.3. Matti Dobbs and Oliver Brown, A Vital radi o link The Supervisors Role in Managing Diversity, The human race Manager (Summer 1997) 53-56.4. Audrey Mathews, Diversity A Principle of Human Resource Management, Public Personnel Management (Summer 1998) 27 vols. No. 2 175-184.5. Matti F. Dobbs, Managing Diversity The Department of heftiness Initiative, PublicPersonnel Management (Summer 1998) 27 vols. No. 2 161-173.6. James D. Slack., From Affirmative Action to Full Spectrum Diversity in the American Workplace, Rev. of Public Personnel Administration (Fall 1997) 75- 87.7. rosemary Wentling, Diversity Training in the Workplace, http//nerve.berkeley.edu/CW73/WIPIL.html Managing Diversity Essay -- Ethnicity Racial Races PapersManaging Diversity As we enter the new millenium, diversity in the workforce is rapidly increasing. Businesses and organizations are living up to the great melting pot image the United States has always been popular for. Employees now reflect a diversity of cultural perspectives, ethnic b ackgrounds, ages, genders, physical abilities, and levels of education. This wave of multiculturalism is here to stay and cannot be ignored. It is in need of attention in order to uphold the well-being and success of businesses and organizations all over the country.One way to face this wave of diversity is to learn to accept and value it (http//www.online.wbc.org/Docs/starting/diversity.html). What is diversity? Why does it matter? Once this is accomplished, the next step would be to learn how to manage diversity in the workplace. What kind of environment would managers have to create to educate employees about cultural diversity (http//mason.gmu.edu/Isamuel/diverse.htm). In addition, an efficient manager would assess how well the environment that he/she has created is working (http//www.communitypolicing.org/exchange/e16_97/e16glosr.htm) What makes a good trainer? What are some common mistakes that a trainer could make? What is diversity? There are several definitions of diversity that exists in literature. Some definitions range from narrow to very broad. Those that are narrow tend to reflect the laws of affirmative action and equal employment opportunities such as race, gender, ethnicity, age, national origin, religion, and disability. Broad definitions tend to include sexual preference and orientation, values, education, language, economic status, marital status, lifestyle, and beliefs (7). One example defines diversity as a... ... of Managing Diversity, The Best of the Bureaucrat (Winter 1991- 2) 41-44.2. Andy Ferguson, A White Mans View on Diversity, The Public Manager (Spring 1997) 52-54.3. Matti Dobbs and Oliver Brown, A Vital Link The Supervisors Role in Managing Diversity, The Public Manager (Summer 1997) 53-56.4. Audrey Mathews, Diversity A Principle of Human Resource Management, Public Personnel Management (Summer 1998) 27 vols. No. 2 175-184.5. Matti F. Dobbs, Managing Diversity The Department of Energy Initiative, PublicPersonnel Management (Summer 1998) 27 vols. No. 2 161-173.6. James D. Slack., From Affirmative Action to Full Spectrum Diversity in the American Workplace, Rev. of Public Personnel Administration (Fall 1997) 75- 87.7. Rosemary Wentling, Diversity Training in the Workplace, http//nerve.berkeley.edu/CW73/WIPIL.html

The Scarlet Letter: The Unavoidable Truth :: essays research papers

The Scarlet Letter The Unavoidable TruthChapter II (pg. 59, 60, 64)     The isolation and fortitude that Hester Pryne felt when she base on ballsed to thescaffold to face reality brought out my deepest sympathy and respect for her.Hester, followed by a crowd of "stern-browed men," "unkindly visaged women," and"curious school boys," begins the walk from the jail to the scaffold. She seemsto be proud and dignified. However, internally, she feels great agony, for shewas scorned and mocked by the accusing Puritans. She finally arrives at thescaffold, displaying the two results of her adultery the scarlet letter and herchild, Pearl. In ready to escape her isolation, Hester goes into her inner souland into the past. In Hesters "dusky mirror" of imagination, she remembers herold home in England, her mother, her father, and most of all, her own youthfulface. Then, she thinks of the marital life with her husband, a "tuft of greenmoss on a crumbling wall". The "green moss" symbolizes Hesters youth, whichwas clinging onto the "crumbling wall", which represents her aged husband. Shetries to loser herself in past memories, but reality rears its ugly head. A fewmoments later, her mind jumps back to reality. In astonishment, she clutchesthe child and places her finger on the scarlet letter. This shows that realityis unavoidable, even though we try to escape from it sometimes.This venturesome journey to reality won my admiration and understanding.When I was eight years old, I distinctly remember the time when our familycelebrated the Chinese New Year. Since I was still young and didnt have muchmanners, I had to sit alone on a separate table. The more I saw the adultsenjoying themselves, the more enraged I got. However, I felt helpless for Icouldnt do anything about it. Then, I saw my aunt rising from her chair to geta till of soup from the other end of the table. I quickly took this opportunityan d pulled the chair away from her. Unaware that the chair was missing, she satdown and fell backwards, dropping the stadium and making a mess. My enragedparents, grabbing me by the ears, made me kneel down in front of everybody andapologize. Being the stubborn person I am, I refused. Thus, I kept on kneelingon the ground. Looking at my own reflection off the polished floor, I wonderedwhy I got in such(prenominal) a mess. Memories of the past swept into my mind. I start edpondering about my leggo collection and how awesome it was.

The Power Of The Situation :: essays research papers

The Power of the Situation     A week of urban mayhem was ignited by the April 29, 1992 jury acquittalof four color police officers who were captured on videotape beating blackmotorist Rodney King. The angry response in South Central produced its ownbrutal footage, most dramatically the live spread out from a hovering TVnews helicopter of two black men striking unconscious with a brick, kicking, andthen dancing over the body of, white truck driver Reginald Denny. The finalthree-day toll of what many community activists took to defiantly calling anuprising, revolt, or rebellion, was put at 53 dead, some $1 zillion in qualitydamage, nearly 2,000 arrests, and countless businesses in ashes. These two men,Damian Williams and Henry Watson undoubtedly committed a heinous crime, butthousands more looted, burned, and destroyed property with the same disregardfor life and property. Were all these people criminals who used the verdicts asan excuse to commit crimes, or w as the nature of the social situation theprimarydeterminant of this nefarious fashion? In the course of this paper, Iplan to explore this question from a psychological perspective with an emphasizeon conformity and social norms, bystander intervention, social science andreality, and finally, prejudice. Generally looking at the Los Angeles riots,and specifically drawing upon the Reginald Denny beating and subsequent trial,the power of the situation becomes evident, as thousands of people living in anextremely inadequate and crime-ridden area of Los Angeles, lashed out against aperception of injustice through violence.     The conditions that lead people to perceive themselves as victims ofunjust actions are rather complex. In this case, the affirmative verdicts towardsthe officers who beat Rodney King was the "unjust action", not only for RodneyKing, but for the community he came from. The perceived damage to desiredsocial identities and justice lead to resentment on the part of a historicallypoor and underprivileged class of citizens. The case-by-case attempts to explainthe event (the verdicts) by processes of attribution in which score may ormay not be formed. (DeRidder, Schruijer, and Tripathi, 1992). The attributionof responsibility and blame is activated when confronted with unexpectedbehavior, unwanted consequences, or stressful, puzzling, and important events(Wong & Weiner, 1981). so the attribution process may be activated eitherwhen the individual experiences harm, or perceives an anti-normative action byanother person or group.     Contrary to public belief, not everyone residing in south-central LosAngeles looted. Instead the majority stayed in their homes until theparticipants ceased their destructive activities. This does not take away fromthe validity of the attribution theory due to the individual differences in

Othello’s Copious Imagery Essay -- Othello essays

Othellos Copious Imagery Lets look into Shakespeares drama Othello and admire the proliferation of imagery with which the playwright has decorated the play. In the macrocosm to Shakespeares Othello The Harbrace Theatre Edition, John Russell Brown describes some splendid images in the play The elaborate soliloquy spoken by Othello as he approaches his dormancy wife (V.ii.1-22) contains some splendid images, such as chaste stars, monumental alabaster, flaming minister, and Promethean heat, but its key words are simple and used repeatedly cause, soul, blood, die, light, love, and weep. In his last sustained speech (V.ii.338-56), the images are fewer and approached through the simplest words (Speak of me as I am) and most blatant antitheses (love not wisely, but too well). (xiv) H. S. Wilson in his book of literary criticism, On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy, discusses the influence of the imagery It has indeed been suggested that the logic of events in the play and of Othe llos relation to them implies Othellos damnation, and that the implication is pressed home with particular power in the imagery. This last amounts to interpreting the suggestions of the imagery as a means of comment by the author the analogy would be the choruses of Greek tragedy. (66) The vulgar imagery of Othellos ancient dominates the opening of the play. Standing outside the senators home late at night, Iago uses imagery within a lie to arouse the occupant Awake what, ho, Brabantio thieves thieves thieves / Look to your house, your daughter and your bags When the senator appears at the window, the ancient continues with gritty imagery of animal lust ... ...ore Evans. Boston, MA Houghton Mifflin Co., 1974. Kernan, Alvin. Othello and Introduction. Shakespeare The Tragedies. Ed. Alfred Harbage. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall Inc., 1964. Mack, Maynard. Everybodys Shakespeare Reflections Chiefly on the Tragedies. Lincoln, NB University of Nebraska Press, 1993. Muir, Kenne th. Introduction. William Shakespeare Othello. New York Penguin Books, 1968. Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http//www.eiu.edu/multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No broth nos. Spurgeon, Caroline. Shakespeares Imagery and What it Tells Us. Shakespearean Tragedy. Ed. D. F. Bratchell. New York Routledge, 1990. Wilson, H. S. On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy. Canada University of Toronto Press, 1957.

Othello’s Copious Imagery Essay -- Othello essays

Othellos Copious Imagery Lets look into Shakespeares drama Othello and applaud the proliferation of imagery with which the playwright has decorated the play. In the Introduction to Shakespeares Othello The Harbrace Theatre Edition, John Russell Brown describes some splendid images in the play The elaborate soliloquy spoken by Othello as he approaches his sleeping wife (V.ii.1-22) contains some splendid images, such as chaste stars, monumental alabaster, flaming minister, and Promethean heat, but its discern words are simple and used repeatedly cause, soul, blood, die, light, love, and weep. In his last sustained speech (V.ii.338-56), the images are fewer and approached through the simplest words (Speak of me as I am) and most blatant antitheses (loved not wisely, but too well). (xiv) H. S. Wilson in his book of literary criticism, On the Design of Shakespearian Tragedy, discusses the influence of the imagery It has indeed been suggested that the logic of events in the play a nd of Othellos relation to them implies Othellos damnation, and that the implication is pressed home with particular power in the imagery. This last amounts to interpreting the suggestions of the imagery as a means of comment by the author the analogy would be the choruses of Greek tragedy. (66) The vulgar imagery of Othellos ancient dominates the opening of the play. Standing outside the senators home late at night, Iago uses imagery within a lie to arouse the occupant conjure what, ho, Brabantio thieves thieves thieves / Look to your house, your daughter and your bags When the senator appears at the window, the ancient continues with coarse imagery of animal lust ... ...ore Evans. Boston, MA Houghton Mifflin Co., 1974. Kernan, Alvin. Othello and Introduction. Shakespeare The Tragedies. Ed. Alfred Harbage. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall Inc., 1964. Mack, Maynard. Everybodys Shakespeare Reflections Chiefly on the Tragedies. Lincoln, NB University of northeastward Press, 1 993. Muir, Kenneth. Introduction. William Shakespeare Othello. New York Penguin Books, 1968. Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http//www.eiu.edu/multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos. Spurgeon, Caroline. Shakespeares Imagery and What it Tells Us. Shakespearean Tragedy. Ed. D. F. Bratchell. New York Routledge, 1990. Wilson, H. S. On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy. Canada University of Toronto Press, 1957.

Individual Assignment Essay

1. Introduction Nowadays, as experts atomic number 18 studying further and further near personality, the grandeur of it in the society and workplaces is highly aware by everyone. The more we know about personalities, the better we can understand why people do the things they do, and how to spread abroad with them. Knowing about our own personalities, we can improve our styles, reduce stress and conflicts as well as develop confirming locations in life (punctuality, flexibility, willingness to learn, affection)Therefore, through this paper, I will examine deeply in my personalities as a particular example to further understand this matter. Moreover, with the focus on how it affects me in personal and professional development, I can find and improve myself to achieve the surpass success in my future.2. Methodology The basic concept of my assignment is the freehand Five Personality Model. Five basic dimensions underlie all former(a) and encompass most of the variation in human personality are * extraversion ones comfort level with relationships. Extraverts get their energy from interacting with others, while introverts get their energy from within themselves. Extraversion includes the traits of energetic, talkative, and assertive while introversion personalities are usually quiet, reserved and shy. * Agreeableness the extent to which a person is good-natured, functionful, investing, and cooperative. Traits include macrocosm kind, affectionate, cheerful and warm. * Conscientiousness responsibilities and reliabilities.Conscientious people have self-discipline, well-organized, careful and responsible. * receptiveness to experiences creative minds and willingness to learn. People with high level of openness tend to be imaginative, curious, independent and somehow artistic. * Emotional Stability ability to deal with stress and other tense situations. A person who is very stable emotionally would remain calm in many situations and would feel secure. Bases o n this theory, with the help of an online website, Ive got the firmness about my personalities according to Big Five Model. With this result, I will be able to evaluate and improve my career as well as my positive personalities.3. Analysis results Results http//img841.imageshack.us/img841/9448/yourbig vresults.png In my opinion, this result is matched 80% with my real personalities. In real life, I can be comfortable with people that I already knew before, in particular classmates, parents, siblings I can do silly things, say crappers of random things, and joke freely. However, with strangers, I usually keep a secured distance, be formal and respective(prenominal) as much as possible. Sometimes, in disadvantaged circumstances, I might be shy and stay quiet all the time being with strangers as I dont want strangers to know too much about myself.Thats why my result in Extroversion is a minuscular above average score (59/100 respectively). Consequently, this will help me find balan ce in group working, be opened and be quiet when needed. My personal line of credit performance will be improved along with my social skills. Moreover, in competitive situations, especially facing with rivals, I can keep them from knowing about my strength and weakness or pretend like I am not a dangerous rival for them.Next, refer to Openness to Experience trait, because I really like original, conventional and unchangeable things so the low score (20/100) is reasonable. I dont have a variety of interests barely lonesome(prenominal) a few one and do it thoroughly with my passion. However, sometimes the closeness in my mind prevents me from create new ideas and stay creative while brainstorming. and its true that I am a down-to-earth person as I really hate unclear, misleading, dishonest things/people.I know this attitude sometimes has a notional effect on my career and my personal life since I am not willing to learn new things so my training performance will not be as good a s I expect. If I am a leader, I might trim back helpful creative ideas from my teammates. My honest and straight personality also bring me hard times dealing with others although its a really worthy trait. However, I believe that the original is always the best basement for my every innovation. It helps me balance a group that contains many open-minded people and keep conventional set of life.This conventional and honest personality might be one of the important reasons leads to my disagreeableness (22/100 of agreeableness). Because I am a little stubborn and hard to be persuaded, sometimes I find the dishonest people, the unclear things or the too- bona fide-on-others person really uncomfortable and annoy me. Normally, I am quite kind and adorable but whenever I am concentrating in doing something, I can easily be irritated by people who drive to distract me. My perfection attitude also get me into quarrels as I always find the mistakes in others performances and try to fix it for them. Nevertheless, as my friends and teammates stated, the perfectionist inside me really helps them a lot when they execute their tasks. I am easy to be angry and annoyed but its always reasonable and related to work issues or problems of the equity. So I think this is not a disadvantage but an advantage for my career and personal life.Besides that, my flexibility in Emotional Stability helps me a lot in dealing with these two weaknesses. Despite easily being irritated by others, I can hold it in and balance my emotions really well. I made decision for tense situations really slowly and calmly. I dont take it as a pressure or stress but only a problem like other problems everyone needs to face in life. One important reason for the low score is I am truly an optimist, seeing things with believe, happiness and hope. Its not that I paint my life with pink, but my rational thinking always leads me to better things, not pass up the situations.As a result, my stress level will be reduced a lot, prevent me from being overload with tasks, problems, personal matters Because I know how to try my expressions and emotions at the right time, to the right person, my social relationships are really good, bring me benefits in both personal and professional life. I can tell that I have only one close best friend but I have a lot of good friends who are ready to help me anytime I need, thanks to my emotional stability.The last trait is conscientiousness with high score at 83/100. This indicates that I am a well-organized, disciplined and reliable person. I really hate disorganized things and people. I always try to arrange my stuff into a fixed positions and I hate when someone try to change it or make it messy. I usually make plans review its process regularly and try to finish as perfect as possible. If I am assigned a task, I will try to do it thoroughly and not let anyone complain about my performance, or at least(prenominal) reach the bearable stage.This is appli ed with not only my personal events but also my working tasks and problems, especially tasks I have a lot of interests in like handicrafts, writing for magazines, reviewing things. In my point of view, this is the most important trait among five traits. My great efforts and responsibilities will bring me more and more knowledge, then abide to higher level of my job performance, as well as help me organize my life effectively. Not only those but people also trust me and respect me for my enthusiasm, concentration and reliability. Therefore, if I am a leader, I can easily affect and lead my teammates follow my decisions or instructions also my position, spot in the group will be firm and long lasted.4. Conclusion & Lessons learned To summarize, my personalities according to Big Five are quite correct and bearable. The five traits, no matter how high or low, have certain effects on our personal and professional development. It also indicates that everyone has their own personalities and no one is correspondent to another one. Although this is only a test and might not say everything about oneself, but based on those personalities, we can find the best solutions for our problems, the best way to live and the best career to take. Knowing about personalities, we can try to improve the good side and reduce or fix the bad side of our attitude to improve our living standard, job performance and satisfaction. Moreover, when dealing with relationships in society, we can have a wider view of one person, especially when being a leader joining in group works or assigning suitable tasks.

Commemorative Speech Essay

In kick up putter and the Prisoner of Azkaban we were introduced to Sirius Black, a character who would change the Harry mess around world, as all readers would know it.I would like to commemorate his memory not only because he did pass in Harry Potter and the Order of the Pheonix, but also because he introduced us to the greater plot and foreshadowing that JK Rowling had in store for us,I am qualified to speak on this topic because I have read the Harry Potter series 14 times and listened to the audio books 8 times.Sirius is a fighter. Sirius spent 13 eld in Azkaban, being held for a crime he didnt commit, and never lost hope. Even though the whole wizarding world was against him and thought that he killed muggles, and spear Petigrew, he fought to get out and protect his god son.Sirius is also a person who brought Harry information about his parents. Sirius was Lily and James best friend since the inaugural day at Hogwarts, and grew up with them. Sirius exposed the truth that Wormtail betrayed his parents, and made the bold statement that he would rather have died than betray his friends.Sirius Black also sullen into that person that Harry needed. Sirius was a father/older brother role model that Harry lacked and so desperately needed. Sirius was always there for Harry when he needed him. In the Goblet of Fire he gave him life saving advice when Harry had to face the 3 tasks. In the Order of the Pheonix Sirius calmed Harry about the uncertainties he had about his father, and came to his resuce at the Ministry of Magic.Everything about Sirius Black was crucial during the Harry Potter books. Sirius was one of the most influential and important character in the Harry Potter books, and that is why I chose to commemorate him.

Letter to Shakespeare Essay

Having studied the bet, Macbeth, imagine that letter can be sent to the past and that Shakespeargon is living in seclusion at Newplace, Stratford-Upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England. You decide to write him a letter telling him about the success of his play, Macbeth, in the 21st century and this play is tranquillise being canvass and performed and filmed.Dear William Shakespeare,I am writing to you from the 21st century as we moderate developed a new way which allows us to write letters to commonwealth in the past. I am very(prenominal)(prenominal) glad to tell you that your play, Macbeth, has become very successful. People admire what you have done in Macbeth. Macbeth is very relevant today for example we have women like Lady Macbeth, as well as men p chain reactorting horror crimes. Macbeth has something we call quantifyless themes, timeless themes are things that are written about in the past but still occur in every day life and are relevant to people now.The people of the 21st century are very fond of the pieces you put into Macbeth. They like how Macbeth changed from a noble character to an sliminess villain. The thoughts that go done his see interest them a lot. The way Macbeths conscience takes a hold of him and grows to be a hurdle as he progresses through the play.The social and heathenish attitudes of people of my time have changed vastly. People in the Elizabethan time loveed and feared the monarchy for example in act 5 scene 7, Macbeths soldiers were engagement not because they love him but because they were afraid that he might kill them. The monarchy also had all the power. I am not saying that everyone does not respect the monarchy but the majority of people do not. The people of our time are not scared of the monarchy now either as the people have realize that the parliament have the most power now. The monarchy is more of an iconic figure that states the heritage of Britain and has a less important role in the running of the co untry.Macbeth stress witchcraft in numerous ways but the thrill for witchcraft has died down in our time. Witchcraft was very popular in your time. Witches were seen as evil creatures e.g. Banquo says The earth hath bubbles, as the water has, and these are of them This fork ups that Banquo does not trust the witches and as the general public would think in your time Banquo classes the witches as rare and evil. near people now do not believe in witchcraft but are still intrested when they read about it in your play. I was intrigued by the witches in the offset printing scene when they started chanting because it grabbed my attention and got the play to a great start.People are now deprivation to the cinema more than they go to the theatre as the theatre is seen as old fashioned now. However you will be pleased to know that you movie is being broadcasted on TV and cinema too.As I state before, your play uses something we call timeless themes. People of our time still enjoy readin g all your plays. They love the biliousness of Midsummer Nights Dream and cannot get enough of the romance of Romeo and Juliet. They enjoy these plays as they have incidents which are still relevant to us know.in person I think the reason Macbeth is so popular is because of its successful structure. The structure is simple but very effective. I have realised that you introduced the witches in the first scene to grab the readers attention and to keep them interested through the whole play. The witches at the end of the scene say, Fare is foul and foul is fare, hover through the fog and the filthy air I think you put this bit in to confuse the people watching and make them think about what has been said and keeps the audiences attention through the rest of the play.Act 3 Scene 5 is the next big scene where the witches get a lot to say. In that scene you have made the witches talk about Macbeth once more. This shows that the witches are intrigued by Macbeth, to trade and traffic with Macbeth The witches have mixed feelings about what they have done to Macbeth. The witches conversation about Macbeth makes the audience think about what the witches plan on doing next.I was interested and got into the play most when you created dramatic irony in the play for example when the audience knew Macbeth was plotting to kill Banquo. However he was being very nice to Banquo and Banquo had no idea he was walking into a trap. hithers our chief guest Macbeth said as he talked to Banquo and Lady Macbeth, although he was actually plotting to kill him.You also added in soliloquies into the structure, mainly Macbeths. The soliloquies focused on a fight between Macbeths guilt and Macbeths competition, Our fears in Banquo stick deep, and in his royalty of nature reigns that which could be feared In almost all of the cases Macbeths ambition came ahead of the guilt he had.You had put in some very strange characters but managed to fit them in magnificently well. People in your time mus t have been amazed to see a woman (Lady Macbeth) committing a crime. However, in the 21st century we have women committing crimes almost as ofttimes as men. Lady Macbeth in your time was unique as she was a villain. It fascinated people then and even though women committing crimes is not rare it still fascinates us now.Witches were very popular in your culture, I understand that King James even wrote a book about them called Demonologie The witches that intrigued people on your time still have an impact on us even thought it is not the main talking point in our culture.The character of Macbeth is really complicated. His character is what we call a tragic hero. Macbeth was introduced as a brave fighter which really caught the eye of the audience, Hail, brave friend The evil of the witches changed him completely into a criminal. His ambition to be the king was his downfall and that really shocked the audience. Who would have thought that ambition was a bad thing? The ambition came fro m the witches prophecies which portray them as evil once more.The witches talk in rhyming couplets. The expression you used was amazing. You had to describe the surroundings using only speech for example How goes the night boy It worked very well and it shows that you do not need props to describe the surroundings.I have realised that you have used a lot of imagery in your play as well in the form of similes and metaphors, like a rat without a tail It is very effective and adds something new to the plain language in a normal conversation. The Duncan murder scene which you left out was a good decision. I believe that you did not have props to show the murder and also that you thought it would have been disrespectful to the monarchy if you put the scene in. However, people have been making new versions of your play with Duncans murder added into it.A man called Roman Polanski made a version of Macbeth with scenes added into it. In Act 2 Scene 1 Polanki puts in different camera angles to portray what certain(a) characters are doing at the time. The castle is full of stair cases and long corridors. When the dagger appears there is strange music going on in the background suggesting Macbeth is going to do the unnatural by killing Duncan. In the same act he also uses a lot of silence to create tension and suspense. He puts a close up on Lady Macbeth to show that shes trying to keep out of sight from Banquo and Fleance. Polanski uses a great technique to show who is hiding or not. He puts the characters in dark light to show they are not prepared to show their face.Polanski adds extra bits in Scene 1 and Scene 2 of Act 2. He added these bits as it would be easier for the viewer to make sense of the whole play. When Macbeth approaches Duncans room, you notice white light feeler from it which is to show that he is innocent. As Macbeth gets closer to the room the light begins to flicker showing that Duncan is in trouble. Polanski shows Duncans murder in a gruesome ma nner. Duncans death is emphasised by his crown falling to the ground, thus showing that the King is no more.In conclusion as I have mentioned before, your play is very successful. My favourite character is Banquo. I like him as you have portrayed him as an innocent and a noble man. I feel that he is one of the few innocent people all the way through the play because the other characters are changed by evil around them. I loved the moment when Banquos ghost came back to haunt Macbeth as it seemed very unnatural. In that moment people at the banquet, including his wife, see Macbeth as cowardly and insane. This was in contrast to the impression people had before when they thought of him as a brave, fearless and noble soldier. Overall the popularity of your play has not died down over the days and your play has been transformed into movies and TV programmes with great success.

Gender Based Discrimination in the Novel Things Fall Apart Essay

In regions especially where poverty and ignorance be widespread, people ar generally be in dispair. Living in such hard conditions and being unable to get rid of the situation, the man is tend to unload his suppressed resentment by using brute force on his houshold. The man who is not satisfied with his achievments and dont have dignity in his social feel, tries to establish domination over women through agression. so masculanity is associated with agression and violence.And that situation leads to discrimination and conflict between the two genders. But unfortunately, the gender-based discrimination happens everywhere, even in the western ,industrialized nations that are thought to be closest to an idol modern egalitarian treatment for women. Although western women have legal freedoms, the right to vote and to own property they still dont enjoy full equality with men, nor are they socially valued or esteemed as men.The concept of gender based discrimination may be analyzed in the aspects of interpretion of gender, national manners of women, women & sexuality and the roles of men, among various times and cultures. Based on the novel Things Fall Apart we deduce that in Nigerian community women led a domestic life, being in charge of breeding their children, cooking and serving to their husbands as well as not being able to participate the social life and ceremonies, while the men are in charge of taking all decisions about the community. ( Chapter 10, pages 77-78 )Also, a mans power was measured by his corporal strength. If one hasnt got a name by bloodshed he was called as agbala which as well as means woman. As a concequence of being a strong men, they much beat and threaten their wives. Similarly, plural marriage is widespread and virginity is considered as a merit. Since a woman is not valuable herself, she is always described whether as a daughter or a wife of a man. If she asks for divorce, her husband wants the bride-prize he had given back, wh ich is very insulting as the marriage became a trade.This ideology is also widely seen in Turkey and many other Middle Eastern countries supported by the ethnic morals. In rural areas many women are being killed due to chastity by her kins. In cities, althogh they work more than men they are less prefered and less paid. Needless to say that, these obstacles can scarcely be passed over with the presence of the more educated individuals who are able to establish healthy relationships with women. For that reason both gender must be sure of their rights and values in the community.

Retail food industry/fast food chain business

The business that I choose is retail food industry/ flying food chain business. For example, McDonalds is my case study in this proposal. This fast food chain business began with Raymond Albert Kroc. Ray Kroc was the exclusive distributor of a milk rock maker called the Multi mixer. That time, Richard and Maurice two brothers were the owner of a brand and ran a burger restaurant in San Bernardino, California, in the 1950s. In 1955, Ray Kroc founded the brands Corporation and great dealdid the first restaurant in Des Plaines, Illinois.At 1980, the brands Corporation, USA gave GOLDEN ARCHES RESTAURANTS SDN BHD the license to operate the brands restaurants in Malaysia. We in Malaysia got our first essay of the brand and Malaysia opened its first restaurant at Jalan Bukit Bintang, Kuala Lumpur on 29 April 1982. To date, the brands at Malaysia has more than 200 restaurants located nationwide. Then this is the cable of the brand. My choice business name is McDonalds. It is a fast food industry. Until now, McDonalds Malaysia has more than 200 restaurants located nationwide.McDonalds operation hours argon 24 hours, but some outlets privileged the shopping centre ar just 14 hours only because shopping centre operation hours are not 24 hours. McDonalds strategic place is built the restaurant in the high traffic area. For example some McDonalds outlets are built in the shopping centre, because these shopping centres are the about crowded places. Another strategic location is built on the high way because some people who want to buy burger then(prenominal) will go McDonald because McDonalds tolerate the drive-thru then can let customers feel more convenient and save time.After that Im chosen the McDonalds place is at Bandar Tun ibn Talal Hussein Onn. Bandar Tun Hussein Onn is a township in 9th-Mile Cheras in Selangor, Malaysia. It was named after the third Malaysian Prime Minister, Tun Hussein Onn. It is primarily a residential area and near by the secondary s chool. This location overly has the drive-thru for some customers. McDonalds menus have included the Breakfast, Favorites, Happy Meal, Desserts, Beverages and McCafe. McDonalds overlaps include the Mc cowardly, Quarter Pounder, Big Mac, Cheeseburger, the Fruit and Yogurt Parfait, the Egg McMuffin and Spicy Chicken Mcwrap.At lunch time 12nn 3p. m. & dinner time 6p. m. 9p. m. , McDonald have the McValue Lunch & Dinner for discount some crops price for let more customers can have the chaste burgers. Some time, McDonald will develop new different taste burger and toys. Like last time, McDonald were develops the McDonald breakfast & dinner box, GCB Burger and Hello Kitty Toys. After that, McDonald diversion from free Wifi, can refresh the drink, a childrens play area and the drive-thru, in some locations, McDonalds dont offer much in the way of services and other plain McDonalds in addition have the different menus/products for their customers.McDonald also has a service called McDelivery, this service is transport food from McDonalds restaurant to customers houses. These all the things are McDonalds products/services. McDonald in the Tun Hussien Onn, customers demographic is younger persons occupying relatively high. After that, this also suitable for our Muslim consumer to purchase the product, because McDonalds products are without pork. This is because now, these young persons are like to go someplace where the wifi has and can eat the taste burger. These young persons are included like age 16-25, male, Chinese and Malay persons.For example, every Thursday I also have gathering with my friend at McDonald. This is because this location is near by the secondary school, after school 1p. m. some students who are going to McDonald then can get the McValue Lunch because can get the cheaper price. At dinner time, will more family go to McDonald for their dinner and the McValue Dinner. Some student and officer who are going McDonald not only the McValue, becau se McDonalds has the free wifi to let these customers who want to meeting or description. From McDonald, some customer will buy McDonalds product/services because McDonald has the fast service and tasty burger.Sometimes, people who are going McDonald not only just in order to the tasty burger, also be intimate the comfortable environment, the refresh free drink and the free wifi services. After that, because McDonald has the McValue Lunch & Dinner, then can let customers use cheaper price and get the tasty burger sets. Next, McDonald also has the drive-thru and the delivery service then can let customers feel convenient. McDonald is not only the fast food business in Malaysia. For example, KFC and MarryBrown are also the fast food business companies then these 2 companies are McDonalds competitors.First, KFCs product also included burger, but KFC company main product not the burger, is the fried chicken. Then KFC and McDonald differences are the main product and McDonald can free r efresh the drink. At others country, KFC also have the delivery. Second, MarryBrown also selling the alike(p) product burger. But MarryBrown have other different products like Nasi MarryBrown, Nasi Ayam MB, Mi Kari Ayam Goreng, Chick-O-Rice and Chick Porridge. After that, Marrybrown and McDonald differences services are these, included the drive-thru and McDonald has the McDelivery for transport food to customers houses.This paragraph is about the McDonald and these 2 competitors differences. McDonald has competitive advantage. First, customers who are going to McDonald can buy the exciting toys and collectibles. But hurry, these toys are available for a particular(a) time only. Second, when customers who are driving car and hungry, customers no need park their car. Then just can go to McDonalds drive-thru for buy McDonalds products. Third, if the customers who are have no car for go out have their food, McDonald has the McDelivery for transport food from McDonalds restaurant to customers houses.If as this company McDonald is my business, First, I will add the different products/ services because let customers can get more tasty products and specially services. Second, change the food price to cheaper because for those low-income customers. Third, is training McDonalds staffs for ameliorate staffs attitude. After that, my customers can enjoy the tasty food and have the crush of services. Then I want to let anywhere also has McDonalds restaurants. As my conclusion, McDonalds is one of the largest and famous fast food companies in the world. McDonalds most of operation time is the 24 hours.McDonald always builds their restaurant in high traffic area. McDonald also has so many different products. In Malaysia, all Malaysians are also can go McDonald, because McDonald is non-pork then Muslim consumer can purchase those products. McDonalds places have comfortable environment, the refresh free drink and the free wifi services. McDonald has a lot of competitors, but McDonald will do the best for their customers. After that, McDonalds In Malaysia, McDonalds competitive advantages are better than others companies. Last, I hope McDonalds products are healthier, not only the fried food. Thank you for reading, this is my conclusion.

Relating 7 C’s of Teamwork to Chak de India

Overview of the movie The film revolves around the central character of the film, Kabir Khan, the ex-star walkoverer of Indian Hockey, who had bemused an opportunity to score a goal under penalty stroke and was accused of fixing summate with the Opposite group (Pakistan). After seven years, he emerges from nowhere to coach the Indian Women hockey team from scratches. Even he dares to challenge selectors have a clash with the formidable Indian Men team to get selected for participation in World Cup. group is rag bunch of girls with own agenda pic ? The film based on a real-life story makes a deeper impact on the students of management.They place visualize the concept of the story and apply it in job areas later on. ? It go forths guidance for not only being an effectual manager but also how to be best and a role model for others in whichever area they enter, ? CHAK DE helps us to understand concepts like human alternative management, strategy, motivation, determination, leade rship skills, ambition, teamwork and making the most proscribed of the worst kind of situations. ? The film proves that Where there is a forget, there is a way Importance of teamwork None of us are as Strong as all of us.. pic The Benefits of team work are as follows ? Increased Productivity ? Improved customer assist ? More flexible system ? Employee empowerment ? Competitive advantage ? More ideas 7 cs of teamwork 1. Commitment ? It is the foundation for synergy in groups ? The clip spent up front getting all team members on the same track will greatly reduce the number of derailments or want rerouting 2. Contribution ? The power of an effective team is in direct proportion to the skills member possess and the initiative members expend. Each one in a team should contribute because if a few team members shoulders most of the burden,the team runs the risk of member burnout, or worse member turn-off. ? To enhance balanced participation on a work team, leaders should consider th ree factors that affect th elevel of individula contribution inclusion, confidende and empowerment. 3. Communication ? For a work group to reach its full potential, members essential be able to say what they think, ask for help, share new or unpopular idea. ? Communication should be friendly, open and positive. To enhance team communication, leadres can provide skill r=training in listening, responding and the use of languages as well as take overing managemnt, feedback and consensus building. 4. Cooperation ? F. A. C. T. S. model of effective team member behaviors (follow-through, accuracy, creativity, timeliness and spirit) whitethorn serve as a guide for helping teams identify behaviors that support synergy within the work team. 5. Conflict Management ? It is inevitable that teams of bright, diverse thinkers will experience conflict from time to time Leaders help work teams to manage conflict effectively, the team will be able to maintain give and tap the collective power of the team. 6. Change Management ? Tom Peters, in Thriving on Chaos, writes The surviving companies will, above all, be flexible responders that create market initiatives. This has to happen through people. It is no longer a luxury to have work teams that can perform effectively within a turbulent environment. ? It is a necessity. Teams must not only respond to change, but actually initiate it. 7. Connections When a work team is connected to the organization, members discuss team performance in relationship to corporate priorities, customer feedback, and quality measures. ? When a work team has softened strong connections among its own members, peer support manifests itself in many ways. Relating 7 cs to CHAK DE INDIA Team building process in the film is very significant. Sixteen players from different parts of the country with different backgrounds and diversity meet for the first time for a common cause. Relating each C of team work to CHAK DE INDIA 1) Commitment The initial entr y of the players of the team is interesting. The players introduce themselves as vocalisation of their respective states in the introductory session, except Vidya Sharma, who says that she is from India, which subsequently makes her way to be captain of the team. Mujhe Sirf ek mulk ka naam sunaai deta hai I.. n.. dia This shows that the leader wants the team to be aware of their goal and be committed to it. The coach is committed to get through the goals and he wants every members commitment There was emergency derailment or rerouting, when they go abroad to play for the world cup. ) Contribution Team also destiny self-leadres who takes responsibility for getting thing done . This quality can be observed in Vidhya Sharma. Bindia naik is seniuor player, however work team need people who have strong technical and inrepersonal skills and willing to learn. She was not at all willing to learn and lacked in interpersonal skills. At the end, When team was in need of Bindia Naik ,the coach empowered her and she was motivated to play well and the taem had won against Argentina. She aws only the player who could break back to back manning of the opponent. 3) Communication The goals are intelligibly communicated to the team by the their coach. The coachs approach in training the team is not friendly. It has been oserved that the coach comminicates the team in a negative for eg . Women can not play hockey, however this motivates the team to play much better. Open communication can be oserved when the coach is training all the girl and pointing out their mistake. He was giving a fair feedback ,so that the team will improve. 4) Cooperation We do it right the first time this has been lacking in the movie cause they had muzzy very badly in their match with Australia. Preeti and Komal are the girls who play for them selves, not for the country. They hardly cooperate with each other. How ever, in the crucial final match, they come in concert and work together t o ensure that India wins. Creativity Can be observe when all the team members forgive mistake , respect differences and cooperates with each other to achieve the goal Gunjan the senior player keeps her ego aside, and develop a generous spirit (You cant have your way all the time and to add treasure develop a generous team spirit) 5) Conflict Management The Coach Changes the sleeping position of the girlto resolve confluict and encourage team spirit. He also passes a rule that no staying with your state girl. Komal Chautala (Chitrasi Nayak), the ace center forward of Haryana state gets punished for entering into an argument with Preeti and punished for a week with 5 akin offenders. In the same way Balbir Kaur, Aliya Bose, Bindia Nayak and the one more girl from Darjeeling gets punished for misbehaving. At the end Komal & Preeti Resolve their conflict and the team had won the final match against Australia ) Change Management Bindia Nayak, the right half senior most player for her lifetime from Railways is dormant for her cool reaction in the field and become water supply girl for the team during the world cup . She is neutralized several times in the film for her ego. Even if she is most professional player of the team, she is not allowed to play for her undisciplined behaviour. Her position was changed from forward to center When you need the best, by pass all your rules and call her. SRK goes and requests her to play when India has to confront Korea.She was the need of the time. Punch word-Compromise with the ego. 7) Connections Coach tries to develop a connection between the team to encourage team spirit. Some times crisis and conflicts help in team building. The show down with the street Romeos in the McDowell outlay was the foundation of team building and confidence building. Punch point-When there is a crisis, the team members come together. In the finals all team members develops a consort of connection including Preet & Komal. pic

Fire Behavior Essay

Fire has been associated with mankind for a very long time. There was probably a time when mankind had no firing, and later became acquainted with rout out, derived naturally. Man then learnt to preserve ack-ack gun so as to be able to use it whenever call for (Ed Semmelroth, 1998). Today man has come a long way in non only being able to generate fire, but in addition shift its properties according to his needs and necessitatements. Today, man has successfully learned to harness this fire power because of his better understanding of the properties of fire. The qualities of fire argon various, ignited by opposite factors and sustained by m any factors.A fire which keeps spreading passel be examined and estimated using various parameters. Generally people including fire fighters have little understanding on the spread of fire and concentrate only the closest fire front or that which look dangerous. However fire can be more effectively tackled when the science behind it is be tter understood. The attributes of a fire like the direction of spread, its strength and so on are determined by fire manner. There are several types of fire based on their strength and spread. For instance, firestorms are high strength or high intensity fires, spreading rapidly.Fires of wiped out(p) strength and rapid spread are referred to as flashy fires while fires with low spread and low intensity are called creep fires (Marco Morais, 2001). The demeanor of fires depends on several factors like fuel, weather and topography. A change in any of these factors would cause an appropriate and immediate change in the look of fire. The fire behavior is also affected by the interaction of these factors. Fuel is an big determinant of fire behavior and most fuels dont change rapidly. The behavior of fire is directly related to the amount of fuel present.Lower quantities of fuel result in low strength, low spreading fires, like creep fires. Fuel in larger quantities could produce hea vy fires that are most likely to get out of control. When the quantity of fuel is more, the intensity of fire is more and more love is generated. The total quantity of fuel present in a inclined plain is determined by fuel loading, which is the amount of fuel present in a given area that can burn under high or intense conditions. The fuel loading factor is almost constant and require a long period of time, like a year, to change.On the other hand, the available fuel is the quantity of fuel that can burn at any particular time, under the existing circumstances relevant to that point of time. The size of fuel is important in deciding its ignition time. Smaller fuel can be ignited more rapidly than larger fuels. This is because the time required to heat and ignite fuel is directly proportional to the ratio of surface area to volume. The presence of small sized fuels is also essential for the spread of fire and constitute the fuel bed and help in igniting larger fuels. The burnout pe riods of the fuel are determined by their diameter.Fuels with a diameter of less than 0. 25 inches are classified as one hour fuel while fuels with a diameter of 1 to 3 inches are referred to as 100 hour fuel. Dry leaves, twigs and sticks are examples of small fuels while logs and big stumps are large fuels (PFMT). The behavior of fire is also influenced by the arrangement of fuels. Fuels that are more loosely arranged would quickly ignite and burn more rapidly than compactly arranged fuels, receivable to the availability of oxygen. There are several fuel models which are based on the main cause of fire propagation, like grass, shrub, litter, logging slash etc.The fire behavior can be easily assessed when a single fuel model corresponds to a particular area. By observing the fires and analyzing their behavior, it is possible to pin down a fuel model based on its characteristics (NIFC, 2006). Each model has distinct qualities and sometimes the fire may be attributed to the interact ion of several models. The behavior of fire is also certified on the amount of moisture heart in the fuel. Combustion is slow in moist fuels as the heat is employ in converting moisture to steam. The fuel can reach ignition temperature and undergo combustion only when the entire moisture is removed.The behavior of fire is also dependent on the shape of the fuels present. Fuels having a flat shape have a higher surface-volume ratio and therefore burn more rapidly. Weather is another important factor of behavior determination. Winds of high speed, low humidity and absence of rains contribute to the acceleration of fire. High temperature and hot air can reduce the moisture content present in the fuel, contributing to the intensity and spread of fire. Wind is a source of oxygen required for fire sustenance and winds of higher speed furnish more oxygen and thus more intensity fire.It should be noted here that when the wind speed is doubled, the rate of fire spread is quadrupled. Wind s can also carry with them small burning fuels which can start fresh fires on their own. During periods of drought, the shrubs and grass are dry and serve as an ideal fuel for fire. at a lower place such intense dry conditions, even logs and greener leaves get dried quickly and become inflammable. Therefore, rains have a dampening effect on the fuels and suppress fires. (Australian government agency of Metrology, 2008) The weather changes are rapid, changing even on an hourly basis, causing appropriate change in fire behavior.Topography or the nature of the earths surface is an important determinant of fire behavior. The characteristics of a region are unique and is the resultant of existing natural and man made features. The topography of a given region doesnt change much. In the mountainous regions, topographic factors contributing to fire behavior are crucial while most of these factors are not relevant to fire behavior in the coastal plains. These factors include flip, aspect and barriers. Fire is spread more rapidly up slope than down slope as fuels are preheated by the approaching flames which are closer to them on the uphill side than the downhill side.Hot air from fire move upwardly drying up fuels which facilitate ignition and burning. Fire spread is doubled when a given slope is raise by 10% (Tropical Savannas CRC, 2008). The direction of the slope affable for fire is indicated by the aspect factor, which determines the amount of solar radiation received by the slope face. South to southwest facing slopes receive more solar radiation than slopes that face the northern direction. These slopes which receive more radiation would have less humidity and moisture, be drier and burn easily. The barriers to fire in a topography are the presence of roads, lakes, wet swamps etc.Such barriers prevent or retard the advance of fire. Complex terrain can result in fire behavior being very erratic.REFERENCES Marco Morais. What is fire behavior? (2001) Electroni c Version. Downloaded on twenty-eighth May 2008 from http//www. physics. ucsb. edu/complex/research/hfire/fbehave Private Forest Management Team Fuels effect on fire behavior Electronic Version.Downloaded on 28th May 2008 from http//www. pfmt. org/fire/fuels_effect. htm Tropical Savannas CRC (2008) Topography Electronic Version. Downloaded on 28th May 2008 from http//learnline. cdu.edu. au/wip/fire2/fundamentals/topography. hypertext markup language Australian Bureau of Metrology (2008) Weather and fire Topography Electronic Version. Downloaded on 28th May 2008 from http//www. bom. gov. au/inside/services_policy/fire_ag/bushfire/wandfire. htm National Interagency Fire Center (2006) NWCG Fireline Handbook Electronic Version. Downloaded on 28th May 2008 from http//www. nwcg. gov/pms/pubs/410-2/appendixB. pdf Ed Semmelroth (1998) A brief history of fire and its uses Electronic Version. Downloaded on 28th May 2008 from http//hearth. com/what/historyfire. html

Religious Truth vs. Scientific Truth Essay

Scientific touch sensations have a basis of substantiality evidence and can been proven using the scientific method and through extensive research. precisely in that respect is no scientific method for proving spectral beliefs. That is, there is no vogue one could know that a particular, or any organized organized religion is veritable or false. That therefore, raises a question, argon religious beliefs trustworthy in the same sense that scientific beliefs are true? I recall that since we have no way of telling indefinitely which religion is the truth, that it is simply an important feature of ones personality and outlook on the world, and what they personally choose to believe is true to them.Like Robert Solomon says in The Little Philosophy Book, Perhaps one could bespeak that religious beliefs are much like aesthetic beliefs that is, they are just personal or, in separate words, subjective. They are non literally true precisely not false either. In order to gibe this conclusion, however, one must look at both the reasons to believe this is true, and also the opposing viewpoint. What religious beliefs are true? If you believe your own to be true you are therefore saying that all others, who believe differently are wrong.But at the same time if you claim that others can be true you are implying that your own is false. And if you claim that neither one is true nor false, but it is an issue of personal belief and simply subjective, then what does that say of the many religious believers who believe that their religion is the true one? That what everyone believes whitethorn in fact be false? Personally, I do not believe by suggesting that religious beliefs are personal and that just because someone else believes something differently, that they are false.Religious beliefs are beliefs taught, not seen or proven, but knowing and having faith in their existence. I like the way that Gandhi views religion. His idea of religion was not entirely esot eric. He knew that every religion was connected with some belief system supported by rituals and he tried to get rid of the rituals as far as possible and make it more universal. To Gandhi religion was a human institution made my human ingenuity to solve practical affairs as well as spiritual matter.He explained it as trying to climb a mountain. The mountain equal Heaven, or ones idea of it. And it doesnt matter which side of the mountain you climb, (which religion you practice) but that all religion have the same goal. That coincides with my belief, that although people may have various different religious beliefs, one does not make the other false. It can be said that the only way something, anything, could be absolutely true is with the support of evidence and proof.That is where the opposition of my opinion comes in. Scientific theories can be proven and have evidence. But it is also widely believed that religion too, has evidence. Evidence such as the bible, miracles and sci entific studies that show the efficacy of intercessory appeal and the effects of religion on person health. However, this does not necessarily prove one religions beliefs to be true, more so it proves the existence of religion as a whole.

Sunday in the Park

In the short level, Sunday in the Park by Bel Kaufman, a m new(prenominal) and pay off atomic number 18 relaxing at a jeting argona on a Sunday afternoon with their kid, Larry, who is playing in the sandpit. Every topic was seemly peaceful until different pincer playing in the sandbox throws sand at Larry. Larrys mother tells the other chela not to throw sand and to her surprise the minors grow encourages him to continue throwing sand. The mother was rendered unarticulate by the father of the childs lack of empathy, and so the father of Larry, Morton, decides to step in.When Morton tries to rea news with the other father, he goes threatened with You and who else? (Kaufman 1) Feeling intimidated, Morton decides to retreat with his family. The mother criticizes Morton for being weak and not being fitting to stand up for the family and his parole. Enraged and embarrassed the father complains about the mothers way of disciplining the child and tries to lift out it upon h imself to properly discipline his son. The mother not wanting him to scold or discipline their son in anyway, threatens him with the same threat that the father of the other child said.Throughout this short write up, the tone of the story changes a couple of time. Sunday in the Park starts with a very cheerful, calming moment when the family is relaxing at the park. When sand is thrown at Larry, the story becomes very tense. The jumpiest moment of the short story was when the other father and Morton looked at each other nakedly. This was when Morton has to decide whether he was going to fight or flight. last he chose flight, and retreated with his family. When the family is retreating the tone of the short story, turns accusatory and shameful.The mother and Morton start to argue as of result, and they refine to put the blame on each other. Sunday in the Park ends very suddenly and in a shocking matter. The mother says to Morton, You and who else? (Kaufman 4). This line is signif icant because the other father said the same thing to Morton to scare him off. Sunday in the Park is a short story that has a lot of imaging and symbolism that is caused by the author great explanation of characters and settings The swing and seesaws stood motionless and abandoned, the slides were empty, and only in the sandbox two little squatted diligently side by side (Kaufman 1).The quote here proves his the amount of description the author puts into the story. From this one sentence I can get a vivid image of how this sentiment looks like. The reason why mental imagery about the setting is really strong in this short story is because, there only is one setting in Sunday in the Park. Kaufman really wants the viewers to generalize the environment the characters are in. The author chooses to put a lot of imagery because it will help the lector feel more connected to the story and see the images the author is guessing to convey.The most prominent newspaper publisher that one would think is present in Sunday in the Park would be the idea of stand up for what you believe in. The mother in this story stands up for her own beliefs despite being up against a really menacing person, but when she is un adequate to(p) to do so, her husband Morton, steps in attempts to rear down his wife up. This relates to the other composition that is present in Sunday in the Park which I personally think is more important. This short story reverses the stereotypical gender roles, where the men are supposed to be the guardians of the family.However this is contradictory because Morton was ultimately unable to stand up to the other father, and had his family retreat. Kaufman illustrated the Morton was weak, and timid, which are not qualities of how a protector should be. Culturally, women would ask the men for help when they need it. For example when the other father was rude to the mother she glanced at Morton (Kaufman 2) for help because he was the man of the famil y. In addition, when the mother of Larry was trying to find the parents of the other child, she almost automatically looks for the mother of the other child first.Universally, it is more likely for a woman to stay home and wipe out care of the children than the men. After failing to find the mother of the other children, Larrys mother immediately scans the park for females, she notices two women, and a little girl on roller skates and then notices the man on a bench a few feet away. (Kaufman 1) Today, people associate parenthood with a female, very rarely are men mentioned when speaking about parenting.Sunday in the ParkIn the short story, Sunday in the Park by Bel Kaufman, a mother and father are relaxing at a park on a Sunday afternoon with their child, Larry, who is playing in the sandbox. Everything was seemly peaceful until some other child playing in the sandbox throws sand at Larry. Larrys mother tells the other child not to throw sand and to her surprise the childs fath er encourages him to continue throwing sand. The mother was rendered reserved by the father of the childs lack of empathy, and so the father of Larry, Morton, decides to step in.When Morton tries to reason with the other father, he goes threatened with You and who else? (Kaufman 1) Feeling intimidated, Morton decides to retreat with his family. The mother criticizes Morton for being weak and not being able to stand up for the family and his son. Enraged and embarrassed the father complains about the mothers way of disciplining the child and tries to take it upon himself to properly discipline his son. The mother not wanting him to scold or discipline their son in anyway, threatens him with the same threat that the father of the other child said.Throughout this short story, the tone of the story changes a couple of time. Sunday in the Park starts with a very cheerful, calming moment when the family is relaxing at the park. When sand is thrown at Larry, the story becomes very tense. The jumpiest moment of the short story was when the other father and Morton looked at each other nakedly. This was when Morton has to decide whether he was going to fight or flight. in conclusion he chose flight, and retreated with his family. When the family is retreating the tone of the short story, turns accusatory and shameful.The mother and Morton start to argue as of result, and they try to put the blame on each other. Sunday in the Park ends very suddenly and in a shocking matter. The mother says to Morton, You and who else? (Kaufman 4). This line is significant because the other father said the same thing to Morton to scare him off. Sunday in the Park is a short story that has a lot of imagery and symbolism that is caused by the author great description of characters and settings The swing and seesaws stood motionless and abandoned, the slides were empty, and only in the sandbox two little squatted diligently side by side (Kaufman 1).The quote here proves his the amount of description the author puts into the story. From this one sentence I can get a vivid image of how this scope looks like. The reason why imagery about the setting is really strong in this short story is because, there only is one setting in Sunday in the Park. Kaufman really wants the viewers to rede the environment the characters are in. The author chooses to put a lot of imagery because it will help the lector feel more connected to the story and see the images the author is trying to convey.The most prominent theme that one would think is present in Sunday in the Park would be the idea of stand up up for what you believe in. The mother in this story stands up for her own beliefs despite being up against a really menacing person, but when she is unable to do so, her husband Morton, steps in attempts to back his wife up. This relates to the other theme that is present in Sunday in the Park which I personally think is more important. This short story reverses the stereotypical gender roles, where the men are supposed to be the protectors of the family.However this is contradictory because Morton was ultimately unable to stand up to the other father, and had his family retreat. Kaufman illustrated the Morton was weak, and timid, which are not qualities of how a protector should be. Culturally, women would ask the men for help when they need it. For example when the other father was rude to the mother she glanced at Morton (Kaufman 2) for help because he was the man of the family. In addition, when the mother of Larry was trying to find the parents of the other child, she almost automatically looks for the mother of the other child first.Universally, it is more likely for a woman to stay home and take care of the children than the men. After failing to find the mother of the other children, Larrys mother immediately scans the park for females, she notices two women, and a little girl on roller skates and then notices the man on a bench a few feet away. (Ka ufman 1) Today, people associate parenthood with a female, very rarely are men mentioned when speaking about parenting.

Forced Marriage Essay

Forced conjugal union is a crime in Australia, and is punishable by up to s however years in prison. Under Commonwealth law a forced marri advance is one where a person gets married without fully and freely admiting because they have been coerced, threatened or deceived. A person can be coerced through obvious means such as force, delay or duress, or through much subtle means like psychological oppression, abuse of ability or taking advantage of the persons vulnerability. The crime of forced marriage can habituate to all victims, regardless of their age or gender, to legally recognised marriages, as wellhead as heathenish and spiritual ceremonies and registered relationships, To marriages that occur in Australia (including where a person was brought to Australia to get married), as well as where a person is taken overseas to get married. Forced marriage is not limited to any detail cultural sort, religion or ethnicity, and there argon reports of forced marriage from all ove r the serviceman. go the majority of reported victims be young women and girls, men and boys can also be victims of forced marriage. tally to The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, forced Marriage falls under article 16 http//www.claiminghuman beneficials.org/udhr_article_16.html UDHR obligate 16 states that1. Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to join and to found a family. They atomic number 18 authorise to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution. 2. Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses. 3. The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entit conduct to protection by society and the State. Media Article one Girl Kidnapped for Forced Marriage. Suffer Rising abomination in India Teenage girl, Rupsona was walking home from school when three men kidnapped her at knifepoint near her crossroads in th e Indian state of West Bengal.They forced her into a car and transported her across the country to a man who had paid $800 for a bride. Rupsona said she was forced to marry the man and abused by him for 14 months until she wasrescued. In India, cultural preferences for a son have helped fuel a growing gender divide, which has led to an ontogeny in the number of women being kidnapped and forced into unitelock I choose this article to immortalise a real life situation of forced marriage, and the harsh reality that it involves. wakeless Responses. The Legal Responses to this discover involves amending the Commonwealth Criminal Code to recognise forced marriage as a hard path of exploitation and a crime. Under the Criminal Code, the forced marriage offences carry a maximum punishment of four years imprisonment, or seven years imprisonment for an aggravated offence. An offence may be aggravated in several circumstancesincluding where the victim is under the age of eighteen. *Ar or daind marriages are not captured by these offences In February 2013, the Australian Parliament passed the Crimes Legislation Amendment (Slavery, Slavery-like Conditions and People Trafficking) Act 2013 (Slavery Act), which then further amend the Commonwealth Criminal Code Act 1995 (Criminal Code) to recognise forced marriage as a serious form of exploitation and a crime.The Australian Government is actively scating in consultation with stakeholders to emend community awareness on forced marriage issues. This includes developing a communications awareness outline on human trafficking and slavery. As part of this strategy, the Australian Government will develop a serial of awareness materials on early and forced marriageincluding materials written in relevant community languages. The political relation is also working in line with community investors to raise awareness of forced marriage issues with religious and civil celebrants, migrant and legal resource centers, domesticate d violence services, barbarian support agenciesas well as people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. Article 23 of the ICCPR states that1. The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the state. 2. The right of men and women of marriageable age to marry and to found a family shall berecognised. 3. No marriage shall be entered into without the free and full consent of the intending spouses. 4. States parties to the present covenant shall take appropriate steps to ensure equality of rights and responsibilities of spouses as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution. In the case of dissolution, provision shall be made for the necessary protection of any children. Non-Legal Responses. Non-government organisations work to drive and enforce coverage of the forced marriage issue.For example NGO SACH (Struggle for Change) is an organisation, which run a major awareness campaign. They run workshop s and create social justice for communities. The Forced Marriage Unit worked closely with NGOs (NGO SACH) and community groups to increase the protection and support available to victims of forced marriage. For example, in November NGO SACH provided funding for the development of a range of social media projects including web pages, text messaging and smartphone applications to raise awareness and support peer mentors.Evaluation of Legal and Non-Legal Responses.The responses to Forced Marriage are passing affective in some areas and are lacking military strength in others meaning the responses have made forced marriage more of a known issue, besides have not completely stopped the issue. It is evident in legion(predicate) other human right violation issues as well as forced marriage that just because the violation is illegal doesnt completely abolish it from happening. The legal and Non-legal responses create highly accessible and understandable knowledge for the wider community creating the highly affective overall response. Without these responses forced marriage would not be an evident issue and it would be ignored, creating more human right breeches and an increase in un-wanted physical and pressured relationships. 1 in 9 girls are forced into a marriage by the age of 15.Media Article 2 Too young to wed Indian girls say no to forced marriage This Article refers to the breakthrough of children being pressured standing up for their rights. It explains Keshanta and Laali were 13 years old when their families pushed them together to get married. Laali Bairwa, 15, isnt sure just yet what she wants to be when she grows up. But she, like herclassmates in a rural part of Jaipur in the Indian state of Rajasthan, is indisputable she doesnt want to be a child bride. This article reflects education preventing the forced marriage. This article reflects the ever-changing values and morals of society. I chose this article to show the effects of the legal and non-le gal responses.Overall Effectiveness.Organisations of legal and non-legal responses work together unknowingly to create awareness of the Human Rights Violations. This further proves an effective response to the issues and supports an overall stem to prevent forced marriage in the future.Media Article 3 Forced marriage ruins the lives of too galore(postnominal) girls, so were working to end it This article doesnt focus on a finical occurrence of forced marriage, rather it talks about the statistics and problems faced by each affected individual. Girls who are forced into marriage are often trapped in poverty with no means to invalidate themselves out. These girls are robbed of an education, vulnerable to death in childbirth and at a greater risk of domestic violence. The article states, The good news is that some countries are making progress on reducing child marriage, but progress is slow. Ending child marriage will take time and requires unstinting commission at community, na tional and international level. The UN is playing its part but we need others to join so that the rights of millions of girls are no longer violated. I again chose this article to reflect the overall changes of societies views and reactions to forced marriage. The article shows that even though the issue of forced marriage is still occurring, the responses to the issue are growing in a much more positive way.Overall ConclusionForced marriage is evident within the world and in Australia. A marriage is seen as forced when there is undue pressure to wed make psychological pressure. It is stated under the UDHR Article 16, which explains equal rights and consent of a marriage. There are many legal responses, which build together amendments, furthering the knowledge of forced marriage and stating it as a serious exploitation and crime. Legal Responses also fallunder Article 23 of the ICCPR.Bibliographyhttp//www.claiminghumanrights.org/udhr_article_16.html(Accessed nineteenth run into 20 14)http//www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/aug/10/forced-marriage-girls-lynne-featherstone (Accessed 19th March 2014)http//www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-12-17/girls-kidnapped-for-forced-marriage-suffer-rising-crime-in-india.html (Accessed 19th March 2014)http//www.nbcnews.com/news/other/too-young-wed-indian-girls-say-no-forced-marriage-f8C11376237 (Accessed 19th March 2014)http//www.forcedmarriage.net/whatis.html(Accessed 20th March 2014)http//www.ashaforcedmarriage.org.uk/case-studies(Accessed 20th March 2014)

Pros and Cons of exercising Essay

Question 3 Do you agree that exercising is the only focussing to keep fit and healthy?When it comes to the the phrase a healthy lifestyle, many people often think of the gym as the only musical mode to keep your body in shape. It appears difficult for them to achieve, and is often seen very negatively. However, exercising is not the only way. In fact, there be many ways to keep fit and healthy, such as having a standard diet, having comme il faut rest, and keeping a positive expectation.Having a regular diet is one of the simplest yet hardest way to keep fit. It requires one to adjust the way they eat, and be cautious of their food intake. However, it may not seem as difficult as it may seem to be. For example, fish and chips seems very unhealthy, but there be ways to make it healthier. Baking it instead of deep-frying it, and just adding a few vegetables to go along with your repast would be an easy way to neutralize your unhealthy food. Make a few simple changes to your die t, and you would short feel much healthier.To make sure your body has abundant energy to do your daily activities, having enough rest is very important. While you rest, your brain stays busy, and prepares you for the next day. Minimal deprivation of sleep takes a toll on your mood, energy, and ability to handle stress. Adults should sleep betweeen 6-7 hours each day. However, if one is not getting fair sleep time, it is best to catch up on weekends where there is no work. Sleep should not be deprived of as it can affect your mental state, energy level and ability to focus.Lastly, having a postitive mindset can help boost ones morale or motivation spirit. When one is postive about(predicate) his or her life, he or she would be able to solve obstacles they face with ease as they are able to find ways to solve their problems rather than just dwelling over it. This helps keep two the mind and brain healthy. Rather than thinking that life is unfair, one should appreciate the many thi ngs that one has.

Different Type Of Treatment For Breast Tumors Health Essay

Cancer is one of the nigh common malignances in swelled fe manfuls. This paper has given me the chance to research the different types of bureau dropcerous neoplastic distempers and different modes of hinderances. In this research paper exit give an overview of the physiology and games elements and different ways to fitting the unsoundness. Once diagnosed with this lay waste toing disease the different types of discussion from chemo to surgical intercessions.I would non desire to drop to include the psychological impact on the adult females and house chip in members later organism diagnosed with this malignance. This undertaking leave give me the chance to larn to a greater extent about the disease procedure and other facets of hindrances other than surgical. As an Operating Room nurse I yield had exposure to the surgical interventions of the disease.Breast give the sackcerous neoplastic disease is the nigh common malignance in adult females and histories for18 per centum of all female cancerous neoplastic diseases. The per centum of adult females who develop bosom cancerous neoplastic diseases be normally post- menopausal, but more than 8,000 ar under the epoch of 50 old ages of age. McCready, Tracey. Management of patients with thorax cancerous neoplastic disease. ( Continuing master copy development oncology ) . A treat Standard17.41 ( 2003 ) 45+.A Academic OneFile. Web. 22. Screening methods analogous tit malignant neoplastic disease consciousness, clinical bureau scrutinies, mammography, Ultrasound, MRI has increase earliest detainment in dressing table malignant neoplastic disease. Consequently, we have more statistics report organize these showing trials. Screening, diagnosing, and intervention are indispensable to survival, and the importance of primal detainment should non be overemphasized. Patients should be good informed what their options are for intervention. Some adult females forefended the diagnosing, believing that the intervention was worsened than the disease. This topic usage to be a tabu. The end of showing is to place tit malignant neoplastic disease at the earliest phase, which allows the highest possible remedy. in that locationfore, m each adult females spouse up with their physicians and other wellness care suppliers to seek the right reply for their diagnosing. The five twelvemonth endurance rate for white meat malignant neoplastic disease identified in the earliest phases is now 98 per centum. The mortality rate has dropped by 30 per centum since 1992, which is advancement We still need to perpetrate to bar by devising all we jackpot make to halt malignant neoplastic disease before it starts. These statistics should remind us to eat healthier, more veggies and less nutrient with no nutritionary value, and non gorge in alcoholic drinks. Healthy life styles variegate such a low- fill in diet and exercising can hold significant impact on tit malignant neoplastic disease endurance. These good wonts leave cut down your hazard. Plan a shunning for good wellness and act upon your organic structure s destiny. We must besides back up research into environmental and other possible causes for malignant neoplastic disease. Breast malignant neoplastic disease starts as a precancerous mass that progresses to presymptomatic tumour ( the tumour so little that can non be detected by mammography or physical scrutiny ) , so to tumours that are detected by mammography and eventually tumours that are big plenty to be detected by physical scrutiny. Buyske, Jo, et Al. Breast malignant neoplastic disease in the 1890ss. A AORN JournalA July 1996 64+.A Academic OneFile. Web. 22. With mammography the tumours can be detected as early before going tangible, all(prenominal) bit little as 1mm in size leting for a greater likeliness of early sensing that can take to bring around. Mammograms are recommended by the American Cancer Society on adult females every one to devil old ages from age 40 and 50 old ages of age, adult females younger than 18 should execute monthly agency introspection and have one-year scrutinies by their doctors. Womans with higher than mean hazard factors, whitethorn necessitate more intensive surveillance. infer Factors Every adult female is indiscriminately at hazard of developing chest malignant neoplastic disease sometime in her life. There are several factors that increase the hazard of the disease development. The biggest hazard factor of all is age, with the sight of chest malignant neoplastic diseases being diagnosed in the post-menopausal age group. oestrogen has being evidenced as a critical internal secretion in the increased hazard factor for chest malignant neoplastic disease. Early menses before the age of 11, are at increased hazard and those have late climacteric ( after the age of 50 ) are twice credibly to develop chest malignant neoplastic disease. The likeliness of chest malignant neoplastic di sease increases with the age of the adult females s set-back maternal quality. After the age of 30 the hazard additions. Womans who have their first gestation at a higher age are more predisposed to breast malignant neoplastic disease. In fact, adult females who have non given birth run a higher fortune of happening.A alteration in endocrines during gestation besides has an consequence on the development of chest malignant neoplastic disease. It is more preventable in multiparity and gestations at an early age. Oral preventives and endocrines replacing tablets are besides important. There is a little hazard associated with taking the unwritten preventive pill before the age of 20 are at higher hazard than adult females who begin at an older age, There is a little hazard associated with the usage of endocrine replacing tablets and for the first one to four old ages after usage has ceased. McCready, Tracey. Management of patients with breast malignant neoplastic disease. ( Continu ing passkey development oncology ) . A Nursing Standard17.41 ( 2003 ) 45+.A Academic OneFile. Web. 22. Family history provides the arduousest hint to the possibility of familial chest malignant neoplastic disease. A female parent, sister or girl with chest malignant neoplastic disease is a strong variable in the development of chest malignant neoplastic disease.Hereditary chest malignant neoplastic disease attributed to a mutant in a peculiar cistron ( i.e. , BRCA1or BRCA2 ) can be passed on the following coevals, transmitted in an autosomal dominant form. The cistron mutant may arise from the maternal(p) or maternal side and each progeny of a BRCA bearer has a 50 per centum opportunity of inheriting the mutant. Gostout, Bobbie S. , Noralane M. Lindor, and Sandhya Pruthi. acknowledgement and teaching of adult females with BRCA mutants or familial sensitivity for chest and ovarian malignant neoplastic disease. A mayo Clinic ProceedingsA 85.12 ( 2010 ) 1111+.A Academic OneF ile. Web. 22. Factors that indicate likeliness of a BRCA cistron mutant are Multiple instances of early- oncoming chest malignant neoplastic disease ( age, & lt 50 twelvemonth old ) , a combination of chest and ovarian malignant neoplastic disease in the same adult females zygomorphic chest malignant neoplastic disease, one household member & lt 50 twelvemonth old with chest malignant neoplastic disease or ovarian malignant neoplastic disease and Ashkenazi Jewish heritage, male chest malignant neoplastic disease, a comparative with documented BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutant and multiple instances of chest malignant neoplastic disease across several coevalss in a household. The increased usage of familial testing has being helpful in observing this mutant that increased the potency of chest malignant neoplastic disease in adult females. This familial mutant of BRCA1 and BRCA2 has accounted for 60 per centum of familial chest malignant neoplastic disease and ovarian malignant neoplastic dise ase. Womans with this germline mutant in BRCA1 and BRCA2 or a familial sensitivity for chest malignant neoplastic disease have markedly increased hazard of early-onset chest malignant neoplastic disease and ovarian malignant neoplastic disease. Gostout, Bobbie S. , Noralane M. Lindor, and Sandhya Pruthi. Identification and direction of adult females with BRCA mutants or familial sensitivity for chest and ovarian malignant neoplastic disease. A Mayo Clinic ProceedingsA 85.12 ( 2010 ) 1111+.A Academic OneFile. Web. 22. With this devil cistrons inhered through a first grade household, it is recommended they seek familial guidance. Familial guidance is considered the mainstream of a multidisciplinary polish up to the intervention of familial chest malignant neoplastic disease.Decrease Schemes Once it has being identified the adult females to be a bearer of the BRCA1 or BRCA2 there are different options offered for intervention. Chemoprevention- tamoxifen a raloxifene, discriminati ng estrogen receptor modulators approved for chest malignant neoplastic disease hazard moderate, are by and large prescribed for 5 old ages, and their function beyond this clip frame is unknown. . Gostout, Bobbie S. , Noralane M. Lindor, and Sandhya Pruthi. Identification and direction of adult females with BRCA mutants or familial sensitivity for chest and ovarian malignant neoplastic disease. A Mayo Clinic ProceedingsA 85.12 ( 2010 ) 1111+.A Academic OneFile. Web.22. Other options may be bilateral contraceptive mastectomy ( known as hazard decrease mastectomy ) . Your sawbones ordain explicate the different types of mastectomies, simple mastectomy, where the whole chest is removed and some wing-shaped lymph nodes may besides be removed and hypodermic mastectomy, where less breast tissue is surgically excised. These processs importantly cut down the hazard of chest malignant neoplastic disease in adult females with first item household history of the disease. Several survei es have shown a 90 per centum to 95 per centum decrease in chest malignant neoplastic disease hazard among BRCA bearers, intending that adult females with BRCA mutants can accomplish a degree of chest malignant neoplastic disease hazard that is the same or lower than that of the general population. Gostout, Bobbie S. , Noralane M. Lindor, and Sandhya Pruthi. Identification and direction of adult females with BRCA mutants or familial sensitivity for chest and ovarian malignant neoplastic disease. A Mayo Clinic ProceedingsA 85.12 ( 2010 ) 1111+.A Academic OneFile. Web. 22. A Womans can hold rehabilitative surgery station these processs with expanders, a paper bag is created under the thorax s pectoral muscle major musculus and the expanders is filled with saline, and subsequently on hold breast implants. Tram Pedicle Flap is another option which is a flap of tegument, fat and implicit in musculus is cut from the venters and anastomosed as a chest. Another option is a sibylline F ree Flap, a flap of tegument and fat that is removed from the venters, on with blood vass that have been cleft from the implicit in musculus and with this a chest is made.Once the chest mass has being embed on mammography, which is the most of import diagnostic tool, the sawbones will desire to make obtain a sample of life tissue. Biopsy may be done if the physician is concerned about chest malignant neoplastic disease because of unnatural findings on the mammogram or chest ultrasound, or during physical scrutiny. A chest biopsy is the remotion of chest tissue to analyze it for marks of chest malignant neoplastic disease or other upsets. Several different types of biopsies can be done. Open biopsy which involves a little scratch in the chest and take portion ( incisional ) or all ( excisional biopsy ) of the country. If the full ball or country is removed, it is a lumpectomy. If the sawbones can non easy experience the ball or cyst, a biopsy under needle fixture will be done und er ultrasound to turn up the ball this acerate jerk will be left in topographic point to assist the sawbones during the incisional biopsy. The sawbones will take the nucleus of tissue environing the wire, and send the specimen to pathology and radiology. The biopsy can uncover certain of chest abnormalcies that are non malignant neoplastic disease or precancerous, adenocarcinomas, fibrocystic chest disease, intraductal villoma, mammary fat mortification. Other biopsies may gift precancerous chest conditions, untypical ductal hyperplasia and a typical lobular hyperplasia. Then there are the devil chief type of chest malignant neoplastic disease found, ductal carcinoma, most chest malignant neoplastic diseases are of this type and lobular carcinoma. Biopsy consequences are deciding if there will be a requisite for chest surgery in combination with radiation and chemotherapy. In order to cognize if the lymph nodes holding being invaded with malignant neoplastic disease it is recom mended to hold a lookout node biopsy. This cognition will avoid wing-shaped node dissection if the lymph node is non affected. Internal mammary nodes can besides be assessed during the process to name and address the theatrical production procedure.Staging of chest malignant neoplastic disease Staging the chest malignant neoplastic disease is critical constituent in the development of the individualised intervention program. Stage 0- ( noninvasive carcinoma, carcinoma in situ ) this is really early phase chest malignant neoplastic disease is considered precancerous. Stage 1- this is an early phase of chest malignant neoplastic disease, the size of the leery lesion measures up to two centimetres in dimension, and no lymph nodes are problematical. In this phase adult females may hold a chest -sparing surgery like a lumpectomy with radiation intervention or they may hold a mastectomy ( remotion of full chest ) they can be have Reconstruction surgery following the process. Breast pre servation surgery is the most popular intervention because most carcinomas have a restricted size and big tumour can be reduced in size with anterior chemotherapy before surgery. Radiation therapy along with chemo therapy and /or endocrine therapy may besides be given after the surgery to destruct any staying malignant neoplastic disease cells. Stage 2- the tumour steps between two to five centimetres or the malignant neoplastic disease has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm on the same side as the chest malignant neoplastic disease. This phase is divided into two classs stage 2 A and phase 2 B. material body 2 A-Three ways it can attest itself. There is no tumour found in the chest but the alar lymph nodes are positive for malignant neoplastic disease cells. Cancer in the chest spans two centimetres and alar lymph nodes are involved. Tumor is larger than two centimetres and smaller than five centimetres, and does non impact the alar lymph nodes. Stage 2 B- may include one of the followers The dimension of the tumour is between two and five centimetres and has metastasis to the alar lymph nodes. The chest malignant neoplastic disease is larger than five centimetres, but no lymph are non affected. Treatment may be breast economical surgery ( lumpectomy ) followed with radiation therapy or a mastectomy with or without breast Reconstruction. Another method used is the tegument and nipple-sparing mastectomy that preserves the nipple-areolar. Several options can be offered to the patient, from the simple arrangement of chest expanders to the usage of musculocutaneous flaps ( thoracodorsal or abdominal flap TRAM ) . sometimes chemotherapy is given before the surgery to shrivel the tumour or after surgery to destruct any staying malignant neoplastic disease cells. Womans may besides hold a combination of other interventions, such as endocrine therapy. Phase 3 -the size of the tumour is more than two inches in diam across and has spread to the alar lymph node s, or has metastasis to other lymph nodes or tissue near the chest. Phase 3 malignant neoplastic disease is divided into other subcategories, phase 3A, phase 3B and phase 3C, Stage 3 A- The tumour measures more than five centimetres. The lymph nodes are affected. Stage 3B-The malignant neoplastic disease has invaded to tissues environing the chest, such as tegument or chest wall, the tumour may run in size. Axillary lymph nodes or lymph nodes to a lower place the chest under the ribs may be affected. Stage 3C-There is a possibility of the metastasis or distributing to the chest tegument or chest wall. In this phase the malignant neoplastic disease has spread to lymph nodes around the collarbone and may be in lymph nodes around chest bone. Chemotherapy and/or targeted therapies are given foremost in order to shrivel the tumour prior to surgical intercession. After surgery adult females may hold chemotherapy, radiation, endocrine therapy or a combination of intervention to assist fo restall reoccurrence. Stage 4- ( Metastatic ) -The malignant neoplastic disease has spread beyond the chest alar and internal mammary lymph nodes to other part of the organic structure near or distant to the chest. Womans with metastatic malignant neoplastic disease will have targeted intervention depending on where the malignant neoplastic disease has spread. Bone is the most common site.treatments may include orthopaedic oncology, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy or combination of interventions. By larning the different phases of chest malignant neoplastic disease it can give the patient an educated determination of her pick of intervention. This information along your general wellness will let you along with your wellness attention squad to individualise your intervention for chest malignant neoplastic disease. We besides have to see there chest tumours that will non oppose to hormone therapy. Normal chest tissue has hormone receptors that respond specifically to the stimulatory effects of oestrogen and Lipo-Lutin. The bulk of chest malignant neoplastic diseases retain oestrogen receptors and in these malignant neoplastic diseases oestrogen will retain proliferative control over the malignant neoplastic disease cells. It is utile to cognize the oestrogen receptor position of the malignant neoplastic disease to foretell which patients will react to hormone therapy. Cancer that lose endocrine receptors will non react to hormone therapy. McCready, Tracey. Management of patients with breast malignant neoplastic disease. ( Continuing professional development oncology ) . A Nursing Standard17.41 ( 2003 ) 45+.A Academic OneFile. Web. 22. This information is utile in finding herald and intervention methods.In decision, in research for this paper I have learned of the different types of chest malignant neoplastic diseases and the options of intervention. Working as an operating room nurse I was ever involved with the surgical intervention of the diagnosing but was non cognizant of the involved and diagnostic testing to make this intervention. It is obvious that the attention for patients with breast malignant neoplastic disease is a multidisciplinary attack. To be able to make up ones mind on the individualize intervention when they are experiencing less able to make so. Bing diagnosed with chest malignant neoplastic disease is really scaring for any adult females in add-on doing determinations on the different types of intervention can be overpowering. Healthcare suppliers need to promote adult females to lift above the negativeness of the disease and take control of their organic structure by doing an individualize determination. Nurses must take advantage of every chance to authorise these adult females to do their intervention picks. Console and soothe them resuscitating assurance in them. communicating efficaciously and supplying supportive attention are really of import to their long term trying on to their di agnosing of chest malignant neoplastic disease. Sometimes a patient s liberty is more desirable than the demand for accurate information. Today we have better cognition about the showing, diagnosing and intervention of chest malignant neoplastic disease. Technology, testing and early detainment must go on to come on so malignant neoplastic disease is no longer the most common malignant neoplastic disease in adult females. We need to maintain focal point on bar making all we can to halt malignant neoplastic disease before it starts. Committedness to the bar of chest malignant neoplastic disease is indispensable. In order for things to go on we have to perpetrate to them, null happens automatically. It is astonishing the Numberss of utilizations for the human constituent. We talk and cry, speak and sing mutters and complain, congratulations and proclaim. But the best usage of our voice is to show empathy and cognition and offer words of encouragement for these patients and their hou sehold members thru this annihilating disease.MentionsBuyske, Jo, et Al. Breast malignant neoplastic disease in the 1890ss. A AORN JournalA July 1996 64+.A Academic OneFile. Web. 22.Gostout, Bobbie S. , Noralane M. Lindor, and Sandhya Pruthi. Identification and direction of adult females with BRCA mutants or familial sensitivity for chest and ovarian malignant neoplastic disease. A Mayo Clinic ProceedingsA 85.12 ( 2010 ) 1111+.A Academic OneFile. Web. 22.McCready, Tracey. Management of patients with breast malignant neoplastic disease. ( Continuing professional development oncology ) . A Nursing Standard17.41 ( 2003 ) 45+.A Academic OneFile. Web. 22..A